Evaluation of Kinesthetic Deficits Indicative of Balance Control in Gymnasts With Unilateral Chronic Ankle Sprains

Forkin, Donna Mulloy; Koczur, Chris; Battle, Robert W.; Newton, Roberta A.

doi:10.2519/jospt.1996.23.4.245

Cited by 103 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Keith et al (3) observaram que entorses são comuns entre ginastas, devido às altas cargas de impacto exercidas pelas acrobacias, executadas com grande potência, altura e compostas por movimentos rotacionais, como também mencionado por Marshall et al (19) . Além disso, Forkin et al (20) descrevem que a força de reação do solo é da ordem de oito a 18 vezes o peso corporal no momento da aterrissagem. Nesses eventos, como explicado por Souza e Almeida (21) , o impacto sobre estruturas articulares é maior que a capacidade de absorção dos músculos, agredindo o tecido que as compõe.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Lesões desportivas na ginástica artística: estudo a partir de morbidade referida

Hoshi

Pastre

Vanderlei

et al. 2008

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introdução: Os níveis de exigência biomecânica devidos ao alto grau de dificuldade na realização de gestos fazem da ginástica artística (GA) uma modalidade com elevado risco de lesões. Assim, é necessário que os aspectos a elas relacionados sejam controlados. Objetivo: Analisar a ocorrência de lesões na Ginástica Artística, associando-as a fatores de risco específicos da modalidade e do atleta, a partir de inquérito de morbidade referida. Métodos: Foram entrevistados 54 ginastas, recrutados ao acaso, classificados segundo o nível competitivo em duas categorias: regional e nacional. Utilizou-se o inquérito de morbidade referida (IMR) com a finalidade de reunir dados sobre a natureza da lesão, região corporal e aparelho ginástico. Os dados foram organizados e apresentados sob a forma de distribuição de freqüências e as variáveis, analisadas segundo nível de associação a partir do teste de Goodman para contrastes entre populações multinomiais, considerando significante o valor P < 0,05. Resultados: Presença de lesão durante a temporada foi relatada por 39 (71,70%) atletas, sendo 22 (56,41%) mulheres e 17 (43,59%) homens. Nas categorias regional masculino e feminino e nacional feminino, a maior ocorrência de lesões foi de origem articular, correspondendo a 55,56%, 50% e 45,45% do total, respectivamente. Para o sexo feminino nacional, os membros inferiores foram os mais referidos (68,18%) e, em ambas as categorias, as lesões ocorreram nos aparelhos de saltos (79,41%), enquanto que no sexo masculino nacional o maior número de agravos foi verificado nos aparelhos de apoio e suspensão (72%). Conclusões: Há elevada freqüência de lesões, acometendo principalmente articulações e membros inferiores, sendo os aparelhos de saltos os mais referidos quanto à ocorrência de acometimentos. Foi observado também que, quanto maiores as exigências de desempenho técnico, maior a freqüência de lesões.Palavras-chave: traumatismo em atletas, fatores de risco, epidemiologia analítica. ABSTRACT Introduction:The levels of biomechanical demands due to the high level of difficulty in the gestures accomplishment make Artistic Gymnastics (AG) a modality with high risk of injuries. Thus, it is necessary that the aspects concerned with them are controlled. Objective: To analyze the occurrence of injuries in artistic gymnastics, associating them with specific risk factors of the modality and of the athlete from reported morbidity survey. Methods: 54 gymnasts randomly recruited have been interviewed and classified according to their competitive level into two categories: regional and national. The reported morbidity questionnaire (RMQ) was used with the purpose to collect data on the injury's nature, body region and gymnastic apparatus. Data were organized and presented under frequency distribution and analyzed variables. The variables were analyzed according to their level of association from the Goodmann's test for contrasts between multinomials populations considering significant value p<0.05. Results: 39 (71.70%) athletes have reported injury du...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Lesões desportivas na ginástica artística: estudo a partir de morbidade referida

Hoshi

Pastre

Vanderlei

et al. 2008

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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“…For example, deficits in joint movement sense, as measured by asking the subject to report if movement occurred or not, have been well documented. 10,14,15 Specifically, subjects with functionally unstable ankles or a history of ankle sprains have greater impairment of movement sense than uninjured subjects. Additionally, inversion active joint reposition sense, or the ability of subjects to actively reproduce a target angle, is impaired in subjects with ankle instability.…”

Section: Freemanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Force sense deficits in functionally unstable ankles

Docherty¹,

Arnold

2008

Journal Orthopaedic Research

106

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether participants with functional ankle instability have deficits in force sense reproduction compared to uninjured participants. Twenty participants with no history of injury and 20 with functional ankle instability volunteered for this investigation. Participants in the instability group had a history of at least one ankle sprain and frequent episodes of giving way. Ankle force sense testing was performed at 10, 20, and 30% of eversion maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Ten trials were performed at each force. Absolute and variable errors were then calculated. We observed significant (p < 0.05) main effects for group for absolute and variable errors. Force sense absolute error was significantly greater in the functionally unstable ankles (3.7 AE 2.2 N) compared to uninjured ankles (2.8 AE 1.1 N). Variable error was also significantly greater in the functionally unstable ankles (3.2 AE 1.8 N) than the uninjured ankles (2.4 AE 0.8 N). Functional ankle instability is associated with deficits in an individual's ability to accurately reproduce a given force. This deficit may impair an individual's ability to set appropriate muscle force levels to provide stability to the joint. ß

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“…7 Hertel 8,9 first identified the overlapping nature of mechanical and functional instability and later noted that individuals with CAI have a continuum of deficits associated with the use of afferent stimuli, reflexive responses, and efferent motor control. Investigators have identified specific deficits in proprioception, 10,11 peroneal reaction time, 12,13 and postural control 14,15 in individuals with CAI. Alterations in lower extremity kinematics during gait [16][17][18][19] and jump landings 20,21 also are evident in individuals with CAI, whereas strength deficits are controversial.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lower Extremity Muscle Activation in Patients With or Without Chronic Ankle Instability During Walking

Feger

Donovan

Hart

et al. 2015

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Ankle sprains are among the most common musculoskeletal injuries, and many individuals with ankle sprains develop chronic ankle instability (CAI). Individuals with CAI exhibit proprioceptive and postural-control deficits, as well as altered osteokinematics, during gait. Neuromuscular activity is theorized to play a pivotal role in CAI, but deficits during walking are unclear.Objective: To compare motor-recruitment patterns as demonstrated by surface electromyography amplitudes between participants with CAI and healthy control participants during walking.Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Setting: Laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Fifteen adults with CAI (5 men, 10 women; age ¼ 23 6 4.2 years, height ¼ 173 6 10.8 cm, mass ¼ 72.4 6 14 kg) and 15 matched healthy control adults (5 men, 10 women; age ¼ 22.9 6 3.4 years, height ¼ 173 6 9.4 cm, mass ¼ 70.8 6 18 kg).Intervention(s): Participants walked shod on a treadmill while surface electromyography signals were recorded from the anterior tibialis, peroneus longus, lateral gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and gluteus medius muscles.Main Outcome Measure(s): Preinitial contact amplitude, postinitial contact amplitude, time of activation relative to initial contact, and percentage of activation time across the stride cycle were calculated for each muscle.Results: Time of activation for all muscles tested occurred earlier in the CAI group than in the control group. The peroneus longus was activated for a longer duration across the entire stride cycle in the CAI group (36.0% 6 10.3%) than the control group (23.3% 6 22.2%; P ¼ .05). No differences were noted between groups for measures of electromyographic amplitude at either preinitial or postinitial contact (P . .05).Conclusions: We identified differences between the CAI and control groups in the timing of muscle activation relative to heel strike in multiple lower extremity muscles and in the percentage of activation time across the entire stride cycle in the peroneus longus muscle. Individuals with CAI demonstrated neuromuscular-activation strategies throughout the lower extremity that were different from those of healthy control participants. Targeted therapeutic interventions for CAI may need to be focused on restoring normal neuromuscular function during gait.

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Evaluation of Kinesthetic Deficits Indicative of Balance Control in Gymnasts With Unilateral Chronic Ankle Sprains

Cited by 103 publications

References 6 publications

Lesões desportivas na ginástica artística: estudo a partir de morbidade referida

Lesões desportivas na ginástica artística: estudo a partir de morbidade referida

Force sense deficits in functionally unstable ankles

Lower Extremity Muscle Activation in Patients With or Without Chronic Ankle Instability During Walking

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