Evaluation of Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea Var. Gongylodes) Extract Effect on Mesenchymal Stem Cells Viability and Apoptosis

Abstract

Background: Cell viability and apoptosis are two crucial factors that may determine cell fate. There are several factors, such as hypoxia, which may be effective in cell processes. Because of its unique features, such as its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis mechanisms, kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes) extract may be used in the amelioration of cell viability and a decrease in cell apoptosis. In this study, we evaluate the effect of kohlrabi extract on the viability and apoptosis of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs). Materials and Methods: In this study, extract from kohlrabi and mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue were isolated in a laboratory under sterile conditions. Expression of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) surface markers, including CD44, CD90, and CD105 was evaluated by flow cytometry method. Besides, CD34 was used as a negative marker. MTT assay was carried out to determine the cell viability. Evaluation of BCL2 and BAX expression levels was performed by real-time PCR. Results: MSC surface markers were verified by flow cytometry. The obtained results demonstrated a significant difference between the cell viability of the kohlrabi-extract treated and control group over time (P=0.03). In addition, the real-time PCR analysis showed that expression levels of BCL2 significantly increased in hypoxic condition after treatment with leaf extract (P=0.019). However, there was no significant expression change in the BAX gene. Conclusion: Our study illustrates that kohlrabi extract may have positive effects on cell survival while having inhibitory effects on apoptosis.

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“…Written informed consent was taken from volunteer patients undergoing liposuction surgery to collect adipose tissue samples which are considered surgical waste material. The AD-MSCs were characterized and isolated according to our previous study using the same isolation and culture protocol of AD-MSCs in which cells were confirmed through assessing morphology, surface marker flow cytometry, and triple differentiation ability into chondrocyte, osteocyte, and adipocyte lineages [ 26 ]. Briefly, the adipose tissue samples were mechanically segmented and then rinsed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) several times.…”