Evaluation of left ventricular function in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia using various echocardiographic techniques

Abstract

E/A and E/E' ratios are the most sensitive indicators of impaired left ventricle diastolic function in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Echocardiographic analysis of left ventricular function in term and preterm neonates at week 40 of postconceptional life

“…Although we included neonates with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia in our current study, we did not expect the dysplasia to affect MPI values in preterm neonates because LV MPI did not differ between preterm neonates with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia in our previous study. 11 In this study, FS%, an indicator of systolic function, was lower in preterm neonates at week 40 of PCA than in term neonates after PDA closure and on the 28th day of life. However, we suspect that the decreased FS% in preterm neonates did not indicate impaired systolic function because other indicators of systolic function in preterm neonates (S´ wave, MPI) were not impaired in these children.…”

“…Moreover, MPI did not improve significantly in preterm neonates 4 weeks after birth (0.36). 14 Similarly, in a study by Hirose et al, 11 MPI was similar in preterm neonates at week 40 of PCA and term neonates measured on the 28th day of life (0.44 vs 0.43, respectively). Although we included neonates with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia in our current study, we did not expect the dysplasia to affect MPI values in preterm neonates because LV MPI did not differ between preterm neonates with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia in our previous study.…”

“…10 Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, which is frequent in preterm neonates, also impairs LV function, particularly diastolic function (early and atrial mitral inflow). 11 Although preterm neonates are at an increased risk of hemodynamic instability in the postnatal circulatory transition period, we know little about LV function and potential differences in heart function between preterm and term neonates during this critical period. This lack of knowledge is partly because it is difficult to decide at which time point such comparisons should be performed.…”

Influence of extreme prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia on cardiac function

“…1,[21][22][23] Previous echocardiography studies have found BPD to have a detrimental impact on cardiac function at or near term corrected gestational age, 4,6,7,12,24-26 early infancy 5,8,11,13,14 and school age. 27 Most studies have found alterations in RV function 4,6,7,[11][12][13][14]24 while few have performed prospective longitudinal echocardiography analysis 4,12,13,26 or have examined LV function. 5,8,26 Due to the presence of ventricular interactions it is relevant to include a biventricular analysis.…”

Cardiovascular impact and sequelae of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

“…During the neonatal time frame, a number of studies have described an association between cardiac dysfunction and BPD. While some report improvement in cardiovascular findings in BPD over time, 46 others demonstrate both right and left ventricular dysfunction with severity of cardiac dysfunction correlated with the severity of BPD 47,48 . However, in one study early cardiac dysfunction in preterm infants, in particular left ventricular dysfunction, was associated with the future development of BPD.…”