Evaluation of Limited Tillage and Cover Crop Systems to Reduce N Use and Disease Population in Small Acreage Vegetable Farms Mirror Image Projects in Uruguay and North Carolina, Usa

Gilsanz, J.C.; Arboleya, J.; Maeso, Diego; Paullier, J.; Behayout, E.; Lavandera, C.; Sanders, Douglas C.; Hoyt, Greg D.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2004.638.21

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In vegetable production, previous studies have demonstrated that the uses of minimum tillage combined with cover crops and raised beds can improve soil environment (9,10). However, the impact on yield has been contradictory (11,12,13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of minimum tillage, oat straw management, and chicken manure on soil water content, runoff, erosion and tomato production

Alliaume¹,

Jorge²,

Dogliotti³

2012

Agrociencia

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Sustainability of vegetable farms in south Uruguay depends on development of farming systems that can arrest soil deterioration. In a context where major constraints exist for irrigation, and rainfall is highly spatial and temporally variable, one of the main causes of yield reduction in deteriorated soils might be the reduction in soil moisture supply capacity. We established an experiment to determine the effect of different tillage systems on soil water content, runoff and erosion at high rainfall intensity, and on processing tomato (Solanum esculentum) yield. We report the results of the fi rst year of the experiment set up in march 2010 at a fi ne silty Pachic Argiudoll, with four treatments: Minimum Tillage with Cover Crop, planting oat (Avena byzantina) in basins and leaving it as mulch (MTCC); Conventional tillage with Green manure, same than previous treatment but oat biomass is incorporated to the soil through conventional tillage (CTGM); Conventional Tillage with Chicken Manure (CTChM); and Conventional Tillage (CT). Except CT, all other treatments incorporated chicken litter (7.0 Mg ha -1 ). Soil moisture was measured at 20 cm depth with time domain refl ectrometry and at 100 cm depth with a neutron probe. Runoff and sediment loss were measured with a rainfall simulator at 6 mm/min rainfall intensity. Soil water content at 20 cm depth was the highest in the MTCC and lowest in CTGM and CTChM, yielding up to 10% more volume water content. Runoff and soil erosion was less at both treatments with oat, MTCC and CTGM. However, crop yield was the lowest at the MTCC, pointing out the need for extra attention to the fertilization scheme, because plants showed symptoms of N defi cit at the beginning of the growth period. Minimum tillage with mulching contributed to conserve soil water, and to reduce soil runoff and soil erosion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of minimum tillage, oat straw management, and chicken manure on soil water content, runoff, erosion and tomato production

Alliaume¹,

Jorge²,

Dogliotti³

2012

Agrociencia

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“…In Uruguay the majority of vegetable crops are grown on beds or in ridges, then "no tillage" practices are not able for these crops. Based on previous studies the uses of cover crops and ridge tillage (minimum tillage) are the key factors for a successful sustainable vegetable crop production on heavy clay soils in Uruguay (3,4,5). On farm study was established with the objective of evaluate the effect of cover crops plus ridge tillage on soil water content, soil chemical, physical and biological properties and on vegetable yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum tillage and vegetable crop rotation

et al. 2012

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Soil quality improvement by reducing soil tillage is one tool of sustainable agriculture. Covers crops left on soil surface prevent soil erosion, reduces evapotranspiration and weeds, and improves soil infi ltration; key factors for a successful vegetable production on heavy clay soils. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of cover crops plus ridge tillage on soil water content, soil, physico-chemical and biological properties and on vegetable yield. In 2005 at INIA Las Brujas Research Station was established a fi eld experiment on a Typic Argiudoll soil, of silty clay loam texture with a 3% slope. Conventional treatment with fallow periods was compared with sustainable treatment included cover crops and minimum tillage. Onion (Allium cepa L.), cabagge (Brassica oleracea, Capitata group), carrot (Daucus carota), sweet potato (Ipomoea batata) and squash (Cucurbita moschata x C. maxima) crops were included in the study. Black oat (Avena strigosa), foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and forage sorghum (Sorghum sudanense x S. bicolor) were the cover crops. Soil water content was measured by time domain refl ectometry on soil surface and by neutron probe in depth. Weed population was evaluated by number and dry weight. Soil biological activity was determined by soil respiration. Weed population and weight of weeds were reduced with minimum tillage as compared to conventional treatment. Soil water content was higher at certain periods on minimum tillage and biological activity was better on minimum tillage. Vegetable crop yields were similar on both treatments.

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“…Poor crop establishment and lower initial LAI was observed by Boulal et al (2012), and the impact on yield was variable (Boulal et al, 2012;Gilsanz et al, 2004;Luna et al, 2012). Soil compaction and difficulties in managing large amounts of residues was also reported as a limiting factor for the adaptation of irrigated permanent bed system for cereals in the Mediterranean (Gómez-Macpherson et al, 2009).…”

Section: Opportunities For Soil Degradation Reversalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poor crop establishment and lower initial LAI was observed by Boulal et al (2012), and the impact on yield has been variable (Boulal et al, 2012;Gilsanz et al, 2004;Luna et al, 2012). Preliminary studies in Uruguay comparing minimum with conventional tillage in vegetable production showed potential benefits in terms of soil quality and soil moisture accumulation, while yields were not affected .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Regenerating degraded soils and increasing water use efficiency on vegetable farms in Uruguay through ecological intensification

Alliaume¹

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Evaluation of Limited Tillage and Cover Crop Systems to Reduce N Use and Disease Population in Small Acreage Vegetable Farms Mirror Image Projects in Uruguay and North Carolina, Usa

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Impact of minimum tillage, oat straw management, and chicken manure on soil water content, runoff, erosion and tomato production

Impact of minimum tillage, oat straw management, and chicken manure on soil water content, runoff, erosion and tomato production

Minimum tillage and vegetable crop rotation

Regenerating degraded soils and increasing water use efficiency on vegetable farms in Uruguay through ecological intensification

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