Evaluation of Lipid Oxidation, Volatile Compounds and Vibrational Spectroscopy of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) during Ice Storage as Related to the Quality of Its Washed Mince

Abstract

Changes in the lipid oxidation of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) stored in ice for 14 days and that of its respective washed mince were evaluated. Total lipid, phospholipid, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) contents of the skin, belly flap and mince decreased as the storage time in ice increased. The washing process decreased the lipid contents but concentrated their phospholipid counterparts. The fish belly flap exhibited the highest thio-barbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value, while the mince had the lowest. 1-Hexanol, 1-octen-3-ol, and 1-hexanal were key volatile compounds detected in the belly flaps of fish stored for 7–14 days. Hexanal was the only major volatile compound found in washed mince prepared from fish stored for an extended period in ice, but in a much lower amount compared with that in the belly flap. FTIR (Fourier transform infra-red) spectra revealed a decrease in the number of cis double bonds, methylene groups and phosphate groups in lipids extracted from fish stored in ice for 7–14 days as compared with those extracted from fresh fish. Principle component analysis (PCA) revealed that the FT-Raman band at 1747 cm−1 could be a potential marker for tracking the degree of lipid oxidation in the belly flap of silver carp stored in ice. In addition, IR bands indicating phosphate group (925, 825 cm−1) in oil extracted from washed mince were correlated with the extent of the lipid oxidation of the raw material.

Analytical Methods for Lipid Oxidation and Antioxidant Capacity in Food Systems

“…of lipid oxidation or oxidation products. Peroxides and hydroperoxides are the primary oxidation compounds, and aldehydes, ketones, epoxides, alcohols, hydroxy compounds, oligomers, and polymers are the secondary compounds commonly used to determine the degree of lipid oxidation [31,32].…”

Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Sea Bass (Lateolabrax japonicus) Resulting from Different Slaughter Methods Using Electronic-Nose (E-Nose) and Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry

“…Hexanol was the most abundant in the IFDC group after steaming and contributed to sweet and fruity aromas. 1-Pentanol, a product of linoleic acid oxidation, contributed an herbaceous aroma, which was further intensified after steaming [ 31 , 32 ]. ( E )-2-Hexenol, another product generated after steaming, imparted a fruity aroma.…”

Antioxidant and Cryoprotective Effects of Bone Hydrolysates from Bighead Carp (Aristichthys nobilis) in Freeze-Thawed Fish Fillets

“…Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were determined according to Kunyaboon et al [ 29 ] and expressed as mg malonaldehyde (MDA) equivalents of kg −1 samples using a standard curve of 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane (TEP). Briefly, 2 g of sample were homogenized with 10 mL of 10% TCA ( w / v ).…”