Evaluation of local bentonitic clay as oil well drilling fluids in Nigeria

Falode, Olugbenga; Ehinola, Olugbenga A.; Nebeife, P.C.

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2007.04.011

Cited by 71 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…Falode et al [12] carried out rheological and filtration tests on bentonite samples obtained from Pindiga Formation in the Borno Basin of Nigeria, and their results explained that the viscosity of mud was a function of three rheological parameters i.e. plastic viscosity, yield point, and gel strength.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and Rheological Properties of Attapulgite Gel for Aqueous Suspensions

Zhang¹,

Li²,

Liu³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 2016 7th International Conference on Education, Management, Computer and Medicine (EMCM 2016)

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Bingham-plastic fluid will not flow until the applied shear exceeds a minimum value that is known as the yield stress. The Bingham-plastic model relates shear stress and shear rate by the equation [1,12]:…”

Section: Experimental Detailmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Rheological Properties of Attapulgite Gel for Aqueous Suspensions

Zhang¹,

Li²,

Liu³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 2016 7th International Conference on Education, Management, Computer and Medicine (EMCM 2016)

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“…Chemical analysis results showed that the Al2O3/SiO2 ratio is approximately 1/3 or more for all the samples, and found similar to Wyoming bentonite and satisfy the basic requirement in montmorillonite. As the mass ratio of Na/Ca for Jhelum and Jundola bentonite is 1.5 and 1.6, respectively and the mass ratio of (Na + K)/(Ca + Mg) for both the bentonite is around 2, so both bentonite fall within the category of Sodium Bentonite [43]. …”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2c) was used to determine the filtrate loss of different solution by applying a standard cell pressure of 100 ± 1.0 PSI (690 ± 6.9 kPa) to the top cap using a back pressure regulator attached to a nitrogen tank within 30 seconds for a 30 minute test as recommended by the API standards [43]. At the end of 30 min, filtrate volume was measured in a graduated cylinder through the drain tube.…”

Section: Filtration Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Locally Available Raw Bentonite for Use as Drilling Mud

Khan¹,

Khan²,

Saleem³

et al. 2017

TOBCTJ

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Background:Bentonite clays are widely used in a drilling operation and play a vital role as a drilling fluid. Bentonite clay mud performs several functions during the drilling operation and facilitates the drilling process. Objective:In this study, the locally available raw bentonite clays were investigated to evaluate its potential use as a mud for borehole drilling operation after its improvement with the additives. Method:Rheological properties such as plastic viscosity, yield point and gel strength were evaluated by using a viscometer and filtrate loss test was performed by using filter press on both locally available raw bentonite clays and the commercial bentonite named as Mill gel. Results:From the test results obtained for the up gradation of clays with the different beneficiating materials, the drastic increase in the plastic viscosity, yield point and gel strength has been observed. It shows that Xanthum gum produced better results for the improvement of rheological properties of such clays. Carboxymethyl cellulose and starch were used as additives and it has been observed that carboxymethyl cellulose has improved both viscosity and filtrate loss control, whereas starch muds have the best filtration control properties. Conclusion:Improved bentonite clays have rheological and filtration characteristics that have satisfied American Petroleum Institute specification at optimum conditions of clay. It was concluded that improved clays are the suitable material for the drilling operations and suitable to substitute commercial bentonite.

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“…The use of Bentonite in drilling operations in the oil and gas industry in the country is very significant; therefore any effort that is geared toward reducing the overdependence on imported Bentonite by the oil companies will go a long way in reducing the large sum of money spent on importation of foreign reserve thereby boosting the country's economy and create employment opportunity. This group of clay has been studied by Falode et al (2008) from same Pindiga formation, his beneficiation procedures adopted the use of Na 2 CO 3 ,potash and starch. He concluded his remark that beneficiated Pindiga clay gives a good promise for drilling purposes at optimum clay and additives concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and Beneficiation of Bentonitic Clays from Pindiga Formation in Benue Trough

Hamidu¹

2011

American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

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Problem statement:This study aimed at evaluating and beneficiating Bentonitic clays of Pindiga Formation from the upper Benue trough in northeastern Nigeria to meet the standard required for use in oil well drilling. This will reduce the dependence on imported Bentonite into the country, increase foreign exchange, improve the country's economy and create employment opportunities. Approach: Three clay samples from different locations within Pindiga Formation were collected using standard sampling procedure and brought to the laboratory for the study. Evaluation of Loss On Ignition (LOI) was carried out using "Labocon" Furnace (model 2-1200), elemental composition of the samples were determined using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) while mineralogical phases of the samples were determined by X-Ray Diffractometry. Results: Results of analysis of crude Bentonitic clays indicates that the clays are Ca-based which require some level of beneficiation before they can attain the properties that will qualify its use in oil well drilling, while other properties such as Aluminum-Silicon ration which ranges between 0.34-0.39 as against 0.38 for the standard Wyoming Bentonite, LOI ranges between 14.8-15.63 as against 15.73 for the standard and fineness of the samples all attained the required standard even before beneficiation. After beneficiating the samples, their rheological and other physical properties was found to have improved to a level that is acceptable for use in oil well drilling except for yield points which was still lower. Maximum values recorded for viscosity and yield points for crude and beneficiated samples at 300 and 600 rpm are 5, 34.5 and 3, 9 while 15 was recorded for floating drill cuttings, respectively. API has specified the viscosity and yield to be ≥30 for viscosity at 600 rpm and yield point at ≤3. Conclusion: This result indicates that Bentonitic clays from Pindiga Formation in Benue trough, northeastern Nigeria are Ca-base but can be beneficiated using sodium carbonate as beneficiating agent and ion exchange procedure.

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Evaluation of local bentonitic clay as oil well drilling fluids in Nigeria

Cited by 71 publications

References 1 publication

Preparation and Rheological Properties of Attapulgite Gel for Aqueous Suspensions

Preparation and Rheological Properties of Attapulgite Gel for Aqueous Suspensions

Improvement of Locally Available Raw Bentonite for Use as Drilling Mud

Evaluation and Beneficiation of Bentonitic Clays from Pindiga Formation in Benue Trough

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