Evaluation of low cost water purification systems for humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HA/DR)

Ray, Chittaranjan; Babbar, Ashish; Yoneyama, Bunnie; Sheild, Lukas; Respicio, Benjamin; Ishii, Cheryl Sato

doi:10.1007/s10098-012-0530-1

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of water resources main criteria has 12 sub-criteria. The most important sub-criteria in the studies include total coliform (11,(29)(30)(31)(32)(33), E. coli (11,(29)(30)(31)(32)(33), pH (11,(31)(32)(33), total dissolved solids (TDS) (11,32,33), turbidity (11,32,33), electrical conductivity (32,33), nitrate (32,33), and hardness (32,33). In this study, general characteristics of water resources such as distance to water source (29) and water needs based on land use (residential, health, commercial, educational, etc.)…”

Section: Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics Of Water Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the importance of safe water supply in emergencies and disasters and the need for planning in (32) this regard, it is recommended that a questionnaire and checklist of drinking water supply criteria in disasters must be designed, and criteria's weighting based on the opinion of experts and planning for drinking water supply should be done based on the disaster type before occurrence.…”

Section: Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics Of Water Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drinking water resources criteria in emergencies and disasters: A systematic literature review

Zamani

Abbasi

Alipour

et al. 2021

Environ Health Eng Manag

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Background: Disasters occur unexpectedly each year, killing thousands around the world. Millions are directly under the influence of the outcomes of these events and their survival depends on the immediate state and international aid. This supports should be obtained in early hours after disasters. The main important need after disasters is safe water supply, which along with providing shelter, medicine, and nutrition, is vital to prevent diseases. So, immediate actions are needed to replace suitable drinking water resources for affected people. Methods: This study was conducted in 2019 using Web of Science, PupMed, Springer, Scopus, Embase databases (from 2000 to 31 September 2019). The PRISMA guideline was used to compile the study. All articles included in this study were original articles, short communications, letters to editor, editorials, systematic reviews, and articles presented at conferences and international congresses on the main topic of the study. Only English full-text articles were included in this study. Results: According to the results, water resources supply in disasters and emergencies criteria were classified into 4 main and 30 sub-criteria. The main criteria include environmental, economic, technology performance, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of water resources, which have 4, 2, 12, and 12 sub-criteria, respectively. Conclusion: This study intends to assist disaster service officials and decision makers and supervisors to plan for drinking water supply from area water resources, before the disaster and based on the history and geographical characteristics of the area, to take actions and meet the drinking water needs of the region.

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Section: Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics Of Water Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics Of Water Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking water resources criteria in emergencies and disasters: A systematic literature review

Zamani

Abbasi

Alipour

et al. 2021

Environ Health Eng Manag

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“…Public health emergencies, disasters, and armed conflicts are associated with environmental challenges, of which poor water quality and sanitation might constitute the most critical threats to health [1][2][3]. Several factors influence the increasing number of water-related emergencies, of which unplanned urbanization, degradation of ecosystem services, and the scarcity of water resources might be the most important [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since water supply systems, purification, disinfection, and monitoring processes are inferior in poor or disaster-affected nations [7,[9][10][11], deployed staff on international missions and travelers to wilderness and recreational areas need to know how safe water can be produced and controlled. There are several field methods for water treatment, like heat, ultraviolet light, filtration, and chemical disinfection [8]. However, purification also depends on the microorganisms' type, susceptibility to a specific treatment, host factors, and available resources [5,[9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Two Field Methods for Monitoring Microbiological Water Quality in a Polluted Tropical Environment - A Pilot Study

Taube¹,

Cerenius²,

Faksvåg³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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(1) Background: Emergencies confront civilian and military healthcare providers with medical and hygienic challenges due to the lack of potable water. This pilot study aimed to describe the application of two different methods for microbiological monitoring of water in a harsh environment in terms of performance, ease of use, availability, and the possibility of using the results to evaluate water quality. (2) Methods: Samples from raw water, Potable water, and water for consumers were taken from two different camps with the same raw water source. The samples were analyzed by using IDEXX industry-standard methods (Colilert and Enterolert enzymatic test kits) and a combination of membrane filtration and 3M-Petrifilm. (3) Results: The IDEXX method used at the Norwegian Camp are easier to utilize and has a broader range of analyzing kits for drinking water analysis. In addition, IDEXX is better adapted to the requirements of the national legislation. However, the combination of membrane filtration followed by incubation on 3M-Petrifilm ™, as used at the Swedish camp, is a better field alternative compared to traditional bacteriology, as it eliminates the need to produce and store agar plates. (4) Conclusions: This pilot study highlights the need for adapted technical equipment and tools for internal microbiological control of water production in a harsh field environment and may facilitate the use of a relatively simple method for water control and ensure the safety of deployed staff in both civilian and military settings.

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A low-cost water-treatment system for potable water supplies in developing countries and after a natural disaster: ability to remove total coliforms and E. coli

D’Alessio

El-Swaify

Yoneyama

et al. 2015

Clean Techn Environ Policy

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Evaluation of low cost water purification systems for humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HA/DR)

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Drinking water resources criteria in emergencies and disasters: A systematic literature review

Drinking water resources criteria in emergencies and disasters: A systematic literature review

Application of Two Field Methods for Monitoring Microbiological Water Quality in a Polluted Tropical Environment - A Pilot Study

A low-cost water-treatment system for potable water supplies in developing countries and after a natural disaster: ability to remove total coliforms and E. coli

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