Abstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Luffa Cylindrica fibers in a biomass packed bed for the treatment of paint industry effluent before releasing into the environment. The fibers were modified by mercerisation in 0.5M NaOH for 24 h. Both modified and unmodified fibers were characterised using Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). A biomass packed bed was prepared for the study with a packing factor of 0.0617 and 0.0550 for the modified and unmod… Show more
“…It is thus not surprising that the NaOH-modified fibers are more superior in this regard. Similar positive results for BOD reduction by L. cylindrica fibers' packed bed have been observed for the treatment of paint industry effluent [12] and aquaculture effluent [13]. An extended residence time only favored BOD reduction for the unmodified fibers.…”
Section: Monitoring Of Bod During the Processsupporting
confidence: 75%
“…The schematic representation and design of the biomass packed bed are described in Ighalo et al [12] with a capacity of 750 cm 3 . The L. cylindrica fibers were sourced from Ilorin, Nigeria.…”
Section: Experimental Designmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Luffa cylindrica biomass packed bed has only been studied for the treatment of paint industry effluent [12] and aquaculture effluent [13] as final stage treatment before their release into the environment. It is unreported for use in any other system.…”
Asa River is of strategic importance to the citizens of Ilorin, Nigeria, because it meets the basic water needs of the community and its surroundings. The river is however polluted and requires some form of treatment before it can be used. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of a Luffa cylindrica biomass packed bed for the remediation of color and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and the pH regulation of Asa river water. The fibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). FTIR modification only led to slight changes in the functional groups of the fibers. EDS revealed some changes in the fiber composition due to NaOH modification. The inorganics present were all less than 5% (except for calcium in the modified fibers). SEM revealed a very plain surface of the fibers. The color was reduced from 9.88 to 4.7 TCU and 4.37 TCU for the unmodified and modified fibers respectively after 2 h. Both fiber types were able to effectively regulate the pH to the acceptable 6.5-8.5 threshold after 2 h. The BOD was reduced from 3.7 to 2.8 mg/L and 1.7 mg/L for the unmodified and modified fibers respectively after 2 h. Both color and pH were reduced below WHO permissible limit by the current set-up. Fiber modification improved the packed bed performance for color and BOD reduction.
“…It is thus not surprising that the NaOH-modified fibers are more superior in this regard. Similar positive results for BOD reduction by L. cylindrica fibers' packed bed have been observed for the treatment of paint industry effluent [12] and aquaculture effluent [13]. An extended residence time only favored BOD reduction for the unmodified fibers.…”
Section: Monitoring Of Bod During the Processsupporting
confidence: 75%
“…The schematic representation and design of the biomass packed bed are described in Ighalo et al [12] with a capacity of 750 cm 3 . The L. cylindrica fibers were sourced from Ilorin, Nigeria.…”
Section: Experimental Designmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Luffa cylindrica biomass packed bed has only been studied for the treatment of paint industry effluent [12] and aquaculture effluent [13] as final stage treatment before their release into the environment. It is unreported for use in any other system.…”
Asa River is of strategic importance to the citizens of Ilorin, Nigeria, because it meets the basic water needs of the community and its surroundings. The river is however polluted and requires some form of treatment before it can be used. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of a Luffa cylindrica biomass packed bed for the remediation of color and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and the pH regulation of Asa river water. The fibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). FTIR modification only led to slight changes in the functional groups of the fibers. EDS revealed some changes in the fiber composition due to NaOH modification. The inorganics present were all less than 5% (except for calcium in the modified fibers). SEM revealed a very plain surface of the fibers. The color was reduced from 9.88 to 4.7 TCU and 4.37 TCU for the unmodified and modified fibers respectively after 2 h. Both fiber types were able to effectively regulate the pH to the acceptable 6.5-8.5 threshold after 2 h. The BOD was reduced from 3.7 to 2.8 mg/L and 1.7 mg/L for the unmodified and modified fibers respectively after 2 h. Both color and pH were reduced below WHO permissible limit by the current set-up. Fiber modification improved the packed bed performance for color and BOD reduction.
“…Figure 8c (enclosed zone in yellow) shows the fibrous structure of Lc with many small holes (0.5-4 µm in diameter). The smooth amorphous waxy/gummy layer indicates the presence of lignin [56]. Porosity increases the surface area of adsorbent material [17].…”
Reducing high concentrations of pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, drugs, and dyes from water is an emerging necessity. We evaluated the use of Luffa cylindrica (Lc) as a natural non-conventional adsorbent to remove azo dye mixture (ADM) from water. The capacity of Lc at three different doses (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 g/L) was evaluated using three concentrations of azo dyes (0.125, 0.250, and 0.500 g/L). The removal percent (R%), maximum adsorption capacity (Qm), isotherm and kinetics adsorption models, and pH influence were evaluated, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were performed. The maximum R% was 70.8% for 10.0 g L−1 Lc and 0.125 g L−1 ADM. The Qm of Lc was 161.29 mg g−1. Adsorption by Lc obeys a Langmuir isotherm and occurs through the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Statistical analysis showed that the adsorbent dose, the azo dye concentration, and contact time significantly influenced R% and the adsorption capacity. These findings indicate that Lc could be used as a natural non-conventional adsorbent to reduce ADM in water, and it has a potential application in the pretreatment of wastewaters.
“…Both the untreated and treated fibres had a 0.075 packing factor in each packed bed. This is the greatest packing that could be achieved [ 25 ]. Fig.…”
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