Evaluation of lymphocyte reactivity studies in patients with thermal burns

Daniels, Jerry C.; Sakai, Hiromitsu; Lewis, S R; Larson, Duane L.; Ritzmann, Stephan E.

doi:10.1097/00006534-197201000-00053

Cited by 7 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Although MLR responses, skin graft rejection, and cell-mediated cytotoxicity all appear to decrease after burn trauma, the PHA response ofburn patients' cells has been reported to increase after injury (15,16). Some experimenters have reported that cell division by the leukocytes of burn patients increases in general, resulting in a false impression of increased mitogen-stimulated blastogenesis (24). This study demonstrates that a certain proportion of severely burned patients actually shows decreased responsiveness to PHA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…(c) The mitogen techniques used were often different from classical methodology (21). (d) Burn patients were often not categorized by severity of injury and individuals with 0-95% third degree burns were examined as one group (24). Burn patients' mitogen responses were averaged and compared to averaged normal data, and the decreased responses of a small subset were obscured by a larger subset of patients with increased responses (28).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in Lymphocyte Activity after Thermal Injury

Miller¹,

Baker²

1979

J. Clin. Invest.

185

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A B S T R A C T The high incidence of fatal septicemia associated with severe thermal injury is believed to result from a loss of immunocompetence. To detect bum-mediated immune defects, lymphocyte function in peripheral blood leukocytes from 18 individuals sustaining 20-80% full thickness thermal burns was investigated. We examined the kinetics of the mitogen responses, the development of suppressive activity, and the correlation of mononuclear cell functional abnormalities with the incidence of sepsis. Patients were divided into three groups corresponding to their clinical course. The phytohemagglutinin responses of Ficoll-Hypaque purified leukocytes from eight ofthese patients (group III) were normal at day 1-2 after injury, but were significantly depressed (mean 16% of normal) at days 5-10 after injury. All of these group III patients experienced multiple, severe, septic episodes, and septic mortality was 75%. The other 10 burned individuals showed either augmented (group II) or unaltered (group I) mitogen responsiveness.Concomitant with evaluation of their mitogen responses, the cells of burn patients were assessed for development of suppressive activity by addition to ongoing normal mixed leukocyte reactions (MLR). Only the addition of mononuclear cells with depressed phytohemagglutinin responsiveness (group III) significantly decreased MLR proliferation (mean 80% reduction) by the previously highly responsive, normal MLR combinations. Addition of cells from group III burn patients collected immediately after injury had no suppressive effect. Addition of cells from patients in group I or II or of normal individual's cells had no suppressive effect. These experimental results strongly suggest that a suppressive mononuclear cell is at least partially responsible for the decreased immunocompetence of bum patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Lymphocyte Activity after Thermal Injury

Miller¹,

Baker²

1979

J. Clin. Invest.

185

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“…Persistence of responsiveness after light-induced or spontaneous fall of EMS suggests that control of adrenergic responsiveness may not normally be exerted through sympathetic innervation to the pineal, which does control EMS. This notion is corroborated by onset of nocturnal responsiveness to norepinephrine even after superior cervical ganglionectomy (8), though this procedure does block the EMS surge (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…This procedure interrupts the postganglionic sympathetic fibers projecting to the pineal, eliminates the endogenous nocturnal MEL surge (14), and does not introduce a pineal response to ISO injection during the day (5). This indicates that the onset of responsiveness is controlled separately from the signal for the MEL surge.…”

Section: Syrian Hamster Pineal Sympathetic Responsiveness In the Earlmentioning

confidence: 99%

U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research Annual Research Progress Report for Fiscal Year 1989

Pruitt¹

1989

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“…This process and its functional consequences are viewed as a counterbalancing response to the initial proinflammatory state (4). Part of this anti-inflammatory reaction involves T cell hyporesponsiveness and anergy, which are well-known phenomena that develop after trauma or burns (5,6). T cell hyporesponsiveness also occurs in most septic patients to some extent (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of NF-κB Activation in Lymphocytes Prevents T Cell Apoptosis and Improves Survival in Murine Sepsis

Groesdonk

Wagner

Hoffarth

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

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Sepsis induces extensive lymphocyte apoptosis that contributes to immunosuppression and mortality. Activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway, however, prevents TNF-α–induced lymphocyte apoptosis. In this study the function of canonical NF-κB in T cells was studied in the context of murine sepsis. Upon cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), NF-κB DNA binding activity in thymocytes declines relative to sham-operated mice. This decline in NF-κB activity is most likely due to posttranslational modifications such as deacetylation of p65. In parallel, cleavage of procaspase-3 is increased, whereas expression of NF-κB-dependent antiapoptotic genes Bcl-xL and c-IAP2 is suppressed upon sepsis induction. Interestingly, adoptive transfer of IκBα-deficient fetal liver stem cells into sublethally irradiated lymphopenic host mice reduced the decline in thymocyte survival, increased peripheral T cell numbers, and improved the mortality rate relative to wild-type reconstituted hosts after cecal ligation and puncture. In conclusion, lymphocyte-directed augmentation of canonical NF-κB ameliorates immunosuppression during murine sepsis. These data provide evidence for a new approach in sepsis therapy.

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Evaluation of lymphocyte reactivity studies in patients with thermal burns

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Changes in Lymphocyte Activity after Thermal Injury

Changes in Lymphocyte Activity after Thermal Injury

U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research Annual Research Progress Report for Fiscal Year 1989

Enhancement of NF-κB Activation in Lymphocytes Prevents T Cell Apoptosis and Improves Survival in Murine Sepsis

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