Evaluation of macro-micronutrient intake in overweight people in Grodno, Belarus

Abstract

Introduction Obesity is a multi-cause disease characterized by excessive fat accumulation, which leads to health problems and chronic diseases in the future. Based on the concept of energy imbalance, which is the main cause of this disease, weight loss in patients with metabolic obesity can be achieved by reducing the energy value of the diet, which leads to energy deficiency and stimulates fat mobilization from fat depots.The purpose of the work is to assess the intake of macro-and micronutrients in the diets of overweight individuals. Materials and methodsA survey was conducted to study actual nutrition based on the method of analyzing the frequency of food consumption. Observer groups, aged >18 years (only young people), sexed, living in Grodno, Belarus. During the survey of the respondent, the number of food products actually consumed by him during the previous day was established. The applied method of studying actual nutrition is simple and widely available. Results and DiscussionsIn the group of females with BMI 25-29, the number of cases of increased macronutrient intake in the sample reached 89.4% of cases and micronutrient intake decreased by 94.7% of cases, while in the group of males with BMI 25-29.9, macronutrient intake increased by 84.2% of cases and micronutrients decreased by 86.6% of cases, respectively. ConclusionThe energy imbalance, especially the deficiency of micronutrients, which have a major role in the synthesis of enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions as well as their role in balancing some hormones, leads to an imbalance in the metabolism process, causing overweight and obesity. Our study advises that nutrition should be corrected early on by making bread enriched with microalgae.