Evaluation of mandibular bone structure in sickle cell anaemia patients

Abstract

Orak hücreli anemi (OHA) ailesel kaynaklı hemoglobinopatidir. OHA ve osteomiyelit başlangıcına dair birçok radyografik bulgu vardır. Retrospektif olarak Konik Işınlı Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (KIBT) ile 10 hasta değerlendirildi. KIBT ile elde edilen DICOM verileri OHA hastalarında mandibular kemik yapıdaki değişimleri değerlendirmek üzere üçüncü bir yazılıma transfer edildi. Hastalarda kemik dansitesi, trabeküler kalınlık, trabeküler ayrılma, trabeküler sayı, fraktal boyut, kapalı por sayısı, kapalı por hacmi, kapalı por yüzeyi, kapalı porozite, açık por hacmi, açık porozite, por boşluğunun total hacmi ve total porozite gibi kriterler değerlendirildi. Ortalama fd değeri sağlikli bireylerden daha düşük bulundu. SCA hastaları ile sağlıklı bireylerin FD değerleri arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olarak bulundu (p<0,05). Aynı zamanda, trabeküler kalınlık sağlıklı bireylerden daha fazla bulundu (p<0,05). Bulgularımıza gore, SCA da FD azalması olduğunu gösterdi ancak daha geniş hasta grubunda çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. SUMMARYSickle cell anemia (SCA) is a familial hemoglobinopathy. There are several radiographic findings regarding both SCA and onset of osteomyelitis. Cone Beam CT examinations of 10 patients were evaluated retrospectively. The DICOM data from CBCT examinations were transferred to a 3rd party software in order to evaluate the mandibular bone changes in SCA patients. Following parameters were evaluated; Bone surface density, Trabecular thickness, Trabecular separation, Trabecular number, Fractal dimension, Number of closed pores, Volume of closed pores, Surface of closed pores, Closed porosity, Volume of open pore space, Open porosity, Total volume of pore space, Total porosity. The mean of FD values was found to significantly lower than healthy individuals. Statistical analysis of FD values barely reached to significance between SCA patients and the healthy individuals (p<0,05). It was also found that trabecular thickness was also significantly higher than healthy patients (p<0,05). Our findings revealed decreased FD with SCA, further studies should be done with larger groups in order to define optimal parameters for SCA patients in mandible.

Use of fractal analysis in dental images: a systematic review

“…The exams most used for FA were panoramic radiographs (34 articles), [10][11][12]15,16, periapical radiographs (21 articles), 2,5,45-63 and cone beam CT (CBCT) (15 articles). 1,[64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77] Bitewing radiography, 63,78-80 micro-CT, [81][82][83] ultrasound, 84,85 sialography, 18,86 and lateral cephalometric radiography 87 were also found in this review (Figure 4). The included studies showed different sample sizes.…”

“…The advent of CBCT has brought great advances in dentistry. This diagnostic method uses threedimensional imaging, a reliable tool for the evaluation and planning of dental implants, 65 investigation of sickle cell anaemia, 70 Type 2 diabetes mellitus, 74 temporomandibular osteoarthritis, 75 orthodontic tooth movement, 67 bone repair surgery, 76 impacted canines, 77 mid-palatal suture fusion, 71,73 and prediction of low BMD. 1,72 Similar to panoramic radiographs, FA on a CBCT slice can be helpful in the differentiation of groups of patients with low BMD.…”

Fractal and radiomorphometric analysis of mandibular bone changes in patients undergoing intravenous corticosteroid therapy

“…13,[26][27][28] It appears that although FA has been employed to evaluate osseous changes in the jaws of patients with a variety of disorders affecting bone, no studies have been found regarding FA on the effects of CS on the mandible. Avsever et al 29 compared the FD values of sickle cell anemia patients and control groups and reported that the FD values in sickle cell anemia patients were significantly lower. Sindeaux et al 27 discovered that MCW and FD values were significantly smaller in osteoporotic patients compared with healthy patients.…”

Assessment of orthodontic treatment needs in patients with β-thalassemia major and sickle cell disease

“…In a study, Gupta et al [18] reported Class I, II, and III malocclusions in 44%, 55%, and 1% of the transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients, respectively, which was not in consistence with the healthy children malocclusion ratios. This result could be due to the fact that hemoglobinopathies are associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis, and bone marrow hyperplasia, leading to maxillary prominence and higher prevalence of Class II malocclusion [18,19]. In addition, there is evidence reported in many studies about the generalized growth retardation resulting in mandibular retrusion in these patients [20][21][22].…”