Evaluation of mechanical properties of CAD/CAM ceramic systems: literature review

Abstract

Computer aided design / computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems are among the most technological advanced techniques in oral rehab today. Compared with conventional techniques, they can optimize the resistance and the adaptation of dental ceramics. Thus, their indications of use have been widened, making the technique more and more well-known and widespread. Therefore, the aim of this study is to present a literature review on comparative studies of the mechanical properties of ceramic systems produced by CAD / CAM. A search for scientific articles published between 2009 and 2019, in English, Spanish or Portuguese, was performed through the databases SCIELO, BIREME and PUBMED, using the descriptors “Ceramics”, “Computer Aided Design” and “ Partial Fixed Prosthesis “. Currently, all ceramic systems appear to have adequate strength for simple rehabilitations, but ceramic restorations produced by CAD/CAM systems present greater reliability than other manufacturing methods, presenting a wider array of indications due to their higher mechanical resistance. These systems, besides their versatility, also present an excellent aesthetic result, guaranteeing appropriate optical properties such as translucency and fluorescence, similar to natural teeth. Although the cost is a limiting factor, CAD/CAM technology is in full development and with high success rates that qualifies it as the state of art in oral rehabilitation.

Clinical Outcomes of CAD/CAM (Lithium disilicate and Zirconia) Based and Conventional Full Crowns and Fixed Partial Dentures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…To date, evidence regarding the clinical performance of LD and ZC is still limited and often debatable, highlighting the need for further studies to precisely outline the clinical indications and durable performance of such CAD/CAM-based ceramics [ 18 , 19 ]. Furthermore, information regarding which fabrication technique is the best, the preference being primarily guided by clinical outcomes, is still controversial [ 20 ]. Thus, the new range of ceramic CAD/CAM materials offered for FPDs and crowns indicates the necessity for methodical evidence that clinically assesses the outcome of these fabrication techniques and the materials used.…”