Evaluation of Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity in Women With Breast Cancer Treated in a Service With Interdisciplinary Attention. A Prospective Cohort

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with breast cancer have a higher risk of gaining weight and of presenting with metabolic syndrome (MS), with worsening overall and specific survival. Intervention from an interdisciplinary team can influence the prognosis. Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and its components in women during the first year after diagnosis of breast cancer. Methods: Prospective, single-centered clinical study that included women with a recent diagnosis of breast cancer, age ≥40 years, histological diagnosis of breast cancer, without metastatic disease and without established cardiovascular disease (CVD). Clinical and anthropometric data (blood pressure, body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference) were collected through interviews and physical examination. For biochemical analysis, HDL, triglycerides (TG) and glucose were requested. Women with MS were considered to have three or more diagnostic criteria: waist circumference (WC)>88 cm; TG³150 mg/dL; HDL88 cm) in the studied period, with mean BMI of 28.9 kg/m2 , 28.8kg/m2 and 28.8 kg/m2 and WC equal 97.2 cm, 97.2 cm and 96.7 cm, at T0, T6 and T12 moments, respectively (p>0.05). When comparing the individual MS criteria between the three assessment moments, there was only a statistical difference in the triglyceride and glycemia criteria. The analysis of glycemia showed a decrease in mean values, from 106.6 mg/dL in T0m, 100.4 mg/dL in T6m and 98.9 mg/dL in T12m (p=0.004). Regarding TG, an increase in mean values was observed, from 121 mg/dL in T0m, 139.4 mg/dL in T6m and 148.4 mg/dL in T12m (p=0.003). Conclusion: Women with breast cancer submitted to interdisciplinary evaluation did not show an increase in the occurrence of MS during the first year after cancer diagnosis. Among the components of MS, there was a reduction in blood glucose values and an increase in triglyceride values.