Evaluation of methods for reverse osmosis membrane integrity monitoring for wastewater reuse

Huang, Xiumin; Min, Joon Hong; Lu, Wenzhou; Jaktar, Kris; Yu, Christopher H.; Jiang, Sunny C.

doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2015.05.001

Cited by 25 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…are comparable to those measured by traditional epifluorescence microscopy with a lower LLOD achieved by the FCM assay [14]. Figure 2.…”

Section: Quantification Of Total Bacteria and Virusessupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The lower limit of detection (LLOD) for bacteria was identified by testing 0.2 µm membrane (Whatman, Pittsburgh, PA, USA) filtered samples; and 30K Da Amicon filter (EMD Millipore, San Diego, CA, USA) processed samples were used to set the LLOD for viruses. The bacterial and viral counts by FCM are comparable to those measured by traditional epifluorescence microscopy with a lower LLOD achieved by the FCM assay [14].…”

Section: Quantification Of Total Bacteria and Virusesmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Serial dilutions (10 −1 , 10 −2 , 10 −3 , 10 −4 dilution) were made for fixed samples using 1× Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer (pH = 7.8). The diluted samples were stained with SYBR Gold for 15 min in the dark at the final concentration of 0.5× (commercial stock 10,000×) [14].…”

Section: Quantification Of Total Bacteria and Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total viruses and bacteria in the diluted stained samples were enumerated using a BD Accuri ® C6 Flow Cytometer following the protocol developed by Huang, et al [14]. In brief, 20 µL of samples were tested for each run after thoroughly flushing the system with deionized (DI) water.…”

Section: Quantification Of Total Bacteria and Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Near Real-Time Flow Cytometry Monitoring of Bacterial and Viral Removal Efficiencies during Water Reclamation Processes

Huang

Zhao

Hernández

et al. 2016

Water

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Abstract:Wastewater reuse has become an important part of the urban water supply portfolio in water stressed regions. Effective wastewater treatment processes are critical to protect public health during water reuse practices. However, the microbial removal efficiencies in wastewater reclamation plants are not routinely monitored due to the lack of a simple quantification method. This study applied a near real-time flow cytometry (FCM) technique to quantify the removal of total bacteria and viruses at three wastewater reclamation plants in Southern California. The results showed that the activated sludge process removed 1-2 log 10 of bacteria but was not efficient at removing viruses. The membrane bioreactor process was capable of removing both bacteria and viruses with high efficiency. At the plant using chloramines as the main disinfectant, even though culturable total coliform bacteria were effectively reduced to the level meeting the California Title 22 Water Recycling Criteria (7-day median of 2.2 most probable number (MPN)/100 mL, and no more than one sample exceeds 23 MPN/100 mL), the disinfected final effluent still contained greater than 10 6 bacterial and 10 8 viral particles per mL in. In contrast, more than 4 log 10 removal of both bacteria and viruses were observed at the plant using free chlorine as the main disinfectant. The results indicate that additional microbial indicators are needed and suggest the potential use of FCM as a rapid monitoring tool for evaluation of microbial removal.

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“…are comparable to those measured by traditional epifluorescence microscopy with a lower LLOD achieved by the FCM assay [14]. Figure 2.…”

Section: Quantification Of Total Bacteria and Virusessupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Quantification Of Total Bacteria and Virusesmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Quantification Of Total Bacteria and Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantification Of Total Bacteria and Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Near Real-Time Flow Cytometry Monitoring of Bacterial and Viral Removal Efficiencies during Water Reclamation Processes

Huang

Zhao

Hernández

et al. 2016

Water

Self Cite

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“…Integrating online sensing systems-such as fluorescent light scattering (i.e., flow cytometry) and/or total organic carbon analyzers-with RO membranes also provides a direct way to both detect and assess the deleterious effects of HAB periods on permeate water quality [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Algal Biotoxin Removal during SWRO Desalination through a Materials Flow Analysis

Manheim

Jiang

2017

Water

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Abstract:The operation of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination facilities has become challenged by the increasing frequency and severity of harmful algal blooms (HABs). The efficiency of algal toxins removal during SWRO and pretreatment processes has critical human health implications. Therefore, a probabilistic materials flow analysis (pMFA) was developed to predict the removal of algal toxins in source water by various pretreatment configurations and operations during SWRO desalination. The results demonstrated that an appreciable quantity of toxins exists in the SWRO permeate (ng/L-µg/L levels), the backwash of pretreatment, and final brine rejects (µg/L-mg/L levels). Varying the pretreatment train configuration resulted in statistically significant differences in toxin removals, where higher removal efficiencies were evidenced in systems employing microfiltration/ultrafiltration (MF/UF) over granular media filtration (GMF). However, this performance depended on operational practices including coagulant addition and transmembrane pressures of MF/UF systems. Acute human health risks during lifetime exposure to algal toxins from ingestion of desalinated water were benign, with margins of safety ranging from 100 to 4000. This study highlights the importance of pretreatment steps during SWRO operation in the removal of algal toxins for managing marine HABs.

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Pilotierung einer Ultrafiltrationsanlage an einem Uferfiltratstandort in Österreich – Untersuchungen der bakteriellen Zellzahlen und der biologischen Stabilität im Filtrat

Proksch

Kerschbaumer

Schönher

et al. 2020

Österr Wasser- und Abfallw

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Zusammenfassung Ultrafiltration stellt eine immer öfter eingesetzte Aufbereitungsmethode für Trinkwasser dar, die insbesondere durch den zuverlässigen Rückhalt von Mikroorganismen ohne Veränderung der Zusammensetzung des Wassers hervorsticht. Aufgrund der komplexen Betriebsweise empfiehlt es sich jedoch, solche Anlagen vor der großtechnischen Herstellung durch eine Pilotierung zu testen. In diesem Artikel werden die Ergebnisse eines solchen Pilotierungsversuchs vorgestellt, wobei ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die durch Durchflusszytometrie bestimmten Zellzahlen und die mittels Wachstumsversuchen ermittelte Biostabilität gelegt wird. Dabei zeigte sich, dass im Filtrat einerseits die Zellzahlen nicht vollständig gegen Null gingen, was vermutlich auf filtratseitige Verunreinigungen zurückzuführen ist, und andererseits, dass diese wenigen Zellen durch das Vorhandensein zusätzlicher Nährstoffe ein starkes Wachstum aufwiesen und dadurch die Biostabilität maßgeblich beeinflusst wurde. Da in der weiteren Speicherung und Verteilung von Trinkwasser mikrobielles Wachstum so gut wie möglich zu vermeiden ist, ist es wichtig, unter solchen wachstumsfördernden Bedingungen entsprechende Maßnahmen zu setzen, die ein biologisch stabiles System gewährleisten.

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Evaluation of methods for reverse osmosis membrane integrity monitoring for wastewater reuse

Cited by 25 publications

References 25 publications

Near Real-Time Flow Cytometry Monitoring of Bacterial and Viral Removal Efficiencies during Water Reclamation Processes

Near Real-Time Flow Cytometry Monitoring of Bacterial and Viral Removal Efficiencies during Water Reclamation Processes

Investigation of Algal Biotoxin Removal during SWRO Desalination through a Materials Flow Analysis

Pilotierung einer Ultrafiltrationsanlage an einem Uferfiltratstandort in Österreich – Untersuchungen der bakteriellen Zellzahlen und der biologischen Stabilität im Filtrat

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