Evaluation of mitigation strategies to reduce ammonia losses from slurry fertilisation on arable lands

Carozzi, Marco; Ferrara, Rossana Monica; Rana, Gianfranco; Acutis, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.082

Cited by 53 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…However, the environmental impacts of agricultural production systems have raised concern from national as well as international points of view. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, agriculture contributes a share of 13.5% to global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Bachmaier et al, 2010;Carozzi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental assessment of two different crop systems in terms of biomethane potential production

Bacenetti

Fusi

Negri

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

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The interest in renewable energy sources has gained great importance in Europe due to the need to reduce fossil energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, as required by the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) of the European Parliament. The production of energy from energy crops appears to be consistent with RED. The environmental impact related to this kind of energy primarily originates from crop cultivation. This research aimed to evaluate the environmental impact of different crop systems for biomass production: single and double crop. The environmental performances of maize and maize plus wheat were assessed from a life cycle perspective. Two alternative scenarios considering different yields, crop management, and climatic conditions, were also addressed. One normal cubic metre of potential methane was chosen as a functional unit. Methane potential production data were obtained through lab experimental tests. For both of the crop systems, the factors that have the greatest influence on the overall environmental burden are: fertilizer emissions, diesel fuel emissions, diesel fuel production, and pesticide production. Notwithstanding the greater level of methane potential production, the double crop system appears to have the worse environmental performance with respect to its single crop counterpart. This result is due to the bigger quantity of inputs needed for the double crop system. Therefore, the greater amount of biomass (silage) obtained through the double crop system is less than proportional to the environmental burden that results from the bigger quantity of inputs requested for double crop.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental assessment of two different crop systems in terms of biomethane potential production

Bacenetti

Fusi

Negri

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

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“…6 Total measurement duration minimum, mean, and maximum. 7 IGER is now called Rothamsted Research, which contributed new data as part of institute combination 202 (ADAS-RR).Other notes : Data from most ALFAM2 institutes have been presented in publications (publication codes used in database are included in square brackets after each citation, if available): 106 (NMI): Huijsmans et al 2001, 201 (AAFC): Chantigny et al 2004 (3), Chantigny et al 2007 (2), Chantigny et al 2009 (1); 203 (ARDC): Bittmann et al 2005 (2), Bhandral et al 2009 (1); 204 (AT): Misselbrook and Hansen 2001 (3), Hansen et al 2003 (2), Hansen et al 2004 (4), Hansen et al 2005 (1); 205 (AU): Thomsen et al 2010 (1), Nyord et al 2012 (2), Nyord et al 2013 (4); 206 (CAU-LU): Gericke et al 2012 (2), Ni et al 2012 (1), Ni et al 2013 (3), Koester et al 2014 (4); 207 (INH-HAFL): Haeni et al 2016 (1); 208 (INRA): Genermont et al 1998 (5), Loubet et al 2010 (2), Loubet et al 2011 (3), Cohan et al 2012a (1), Personne et al 2014 (4); 209 (MU): Carozzi et al 2012 (3),Carozzi et al 2013a (2),Carozzi et al 2013b (1),Ferrara et al 2016 (4); 210 (NMI):Bussink et al 1994 (1); 212 (TEAGASC): Dowling et al…”

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confidence: 99%

The ALFAM2 database on ammonia emission from field-applied manure: Description and illustrative analysis

Hafner

Pacholski

Bittman

et al. 2018

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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Ammonia (NH3) emission from animal manure contributes to air pollution and ecosystem degradation, and the loss of reactive nitrogen (N) from agricultural systems. Estimates of NH3 emission are necessary for national inventories and nutrient management, and NH3 emission from field-applied manure has been measured in many studies over the past few decades. In this work, we facilitate the use of these data by collecting and organizing them in the ALFAM2 database. In this paper we describe the development of the database and summarise its contents, quantify effects of application methods and other variables on emission using a data subset, and discuss challenges for data analysis and model development. The database contains measurements of emission, manure and soil properties, weather, application technique, and other variables for 1899 plots from 22 research institutes in 12 countries. Data on five manure types (cattle, pig, mink, poultry, mixed, as well as sludge and "other") applied to three types of crops (grass, small grains, maize, as well as stubble and bare soil) are included. Application methods represented in the database include broadcast, trailing hose, trailing shoe (narrow band application), and open slot injection. Cattle manure application to grassland was the most common combination, and analysis of this subset (with dry matter (DM) limited to <15%) was carried out using mixed-and fixed-effects models in order to quantify effects of management and environment on ammonia emission, and to highlight challenges for use of the database. Measured emission from cattle slurry ranged from < 1% to 130% of applied ammonia after 48 hours. Results showed clear, albeit variable, reductions in NH3 emission due to trailing hose, trailing shoe, and open slot injection of slurry compared to broadcast application. There was evidence of positive effects of air temperature and wind speed on NH3 emission, and limited evidence of effects of slurry DM. However, random-effects coefficients for differences among research institutes were among the largest model coefficients, and 4 showed a deviation from the mean response by more than 100% in some cases. The source of these institute differences could not be determined with certainty, but there is some evidence that they are related to differences in soils, or differences in application or measurement methods. The ALFAM2 database should be useful for development and evaluation of both emission factors and emission models, but users need to recognize the limitations caused by confounding variables, imbalance in the dataset, and dependence among observations from the same institute. Variation among measurements and in reported variables highlights the importance of international agreement on how NH3 emission should be measured, along with necessary types of supporting data and standard protocols for their measurement. Both are needed in order to produce more accurate and useful ammonia emission measurements. Expansion of the ALFAM2 database will continue, and readers are invited...

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“…Two variables in the MDS, the amount of irrigation water during the cropping season (water supply) and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer (N amount ), were included for two areas. This inclusion was because of the relevance of these variables in determining both (i) the availability of plant nutrients and water for the crop and (ii) the environmental pollution risk through nitrate leaching from the soil profile into the water table, which is an important issue, especially in the vulnerable areas of the alluvial plain of the Po Valley (Perego et al ., ; Carozzi et al ., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of a methodology using fuzzy logic to assess the performance of cropping systems based on a case study of maize in the Po Valley

Carozzi

Bregaglio

Scaglia

et al. 2013

Soil Use and Management

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The development of tools for evaluating the sustainability of cropping systems is fundamental to providing reliable information on crop performance. In this study, an integrated index [Performance Index (PI)] was developed based on environmental, production and cost variables. In this approach, data are aggregated using a fuzzy logic-based procedure to deal with the inherent subjectivity at each aggregation step. The PI was tested for three cropping systems in the Po Valley (northern Italy) where maize was grown using minimum tillage, sod seeding and conventional tillage. The methodology proved to be effective for evaluating the three systems. In contrast to other methods for evaluating cropping systems such as those based on agro-ecological indicators (AEIs), direct aggregation of measured variables reduces the risk of losing information because the level of abstraction in the mathematical formalization of AEIs is usually higher. This advantage is counterbalanced by an increase in the data needed for the evaluation process. The use of domain experts and the mathematical management of subjective decisions should encourage the use of the methodology in other regions and cropping systems.

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Evaluation of mitigation strategies to reduce ammonia losses from slurry fertilisation on arable lands

Cited by 53 publications

References 48 publications

Environmental assessment of two different crop systems in terms of biomethane potential production

Environmental assessment of two different crop systems in terms of biomethane potential production

The ALFAM2 database on ammonia emission from field-applied manure: Description and illustrative analysis

The development of a methodology using fuzzy logic to assess the performance of cropping systems based on a case study of maize in the Po Valley

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