Evaluation of models of leaf water <sup>18</sup>O enrichment using measurements of spatial patterns of vein xylem water, leaf water and dry matter in maize leaves

Gan, Kim Suan; Wong, Sherman; Yong, Jean Wan Hong; Farquhar, Graham D.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.2003.01070.x

Cited by 77 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The model would therefore seem more appropriate for application to parallel venation (monocots), although, as noted by Gan et al (2003), in maize (Zea mays) there is a descending scale from midrib, to lateral vein, to intermediate vein, and finally linked by transverse veins. The effects of venation complications on the quantitative relationship between average lamina enrichment and E are unclear and at this stage we rely on empirical observations.…”

Section: Scaled Effective Lamina Path Length (L)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Effects on Oxygen Isotope Enrichment of Leaf Water in Cotton Leaves

et al. 2007

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The oxygen isotope enrichment of bulk leaf water (D b ) was measured in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) leaves to test the CraigGordon and Farquhar-Gan models under different environmental conditions. D b increased with increasing leaf-to-air vapor pressure difference (VPd) as an overall result of the responses to the ratio of ambient to intercellular vapor pressures (e a /e i ) and to stomatal conductance (g s ). The oxygen isotope enrichment of lamina water relative to source water ð D 1 Þ; which increased with increasing VPd, was estimated by mass balance between less enriched water in primary veins and enriched water in the leaf. Recently, the analysis of the oxygen isotope composition (d 18 O) of leaf water became of increased interest as a result of efforts to obtain information on the global carbon cycle Gillon and Yakir, 2001) and because of applications in agriculture (Barbour et al., 2000a). These and other applications were recently updated (Barbour, 2007;Farquhar et al., 2007). The d 18O of atmospheric CO 2 and of plant organic matter depends strongly on the extent of leaf water enrichment that occurs during transpiration (Barbour et al., 2000b) because the diffusivity and vapor pressure of heavier H 2 18O are less than that of lighter H 2 16 O (Craig and Gordon, 1965). A large portion of the CO 2 that enters the leaf equilibrates with evaporatively enriched leaf water via the catalytic activity of carbonic anhydrase, then retrodiffuses out of the leaf, increasing the d

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Section: Scaled Effective Lamina Path Length (L)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bulk leaf water was later extracted by vacuum distillation, as described by Gan et al (2003). The oxygen isotope ratio of the source water was assumed to be equal to that of the tap water used for irrigation.…”

Section: Isotope Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Effects on Oxygen Isotope Enrichment of Leaf Water in Cotton Leaves

et al. 2007

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“…1974;Flanagan, Comstock & Ehleringer 1991;Farquhar & Lloyd 1993;Aucour, HillaireMarcel & Bonnefille 1996;Roden, Lin & Ehleringer 2000;Gan et al . 2003).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Needle cell elongation and maturation timing derived from pine needle cellulose δ¹⁸O

Wright

Leavitt

2005

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…Stesso destino ha anche subito l'H 2 O in uscita dalla camera. Alla fine di ciascuna misura di scambi gassosi, si procedeva all'estrazione dell'acqua fogliare con una procedura di distillazione sottovuoto a 60 °C, come descritto da Gan et al (2002).…”

Section: Misura Degli Scambi Gassosiunclassified

Carbon and oxygen isotopes: a useful tool for the analysis of carbon and water exchanges between plants and the atmosphere

Ripullone¹,

Borghetti²,

Cernusak³

et al. 2006

Forest@

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O depends from the accuracy of existing models used. Complications arise due to uncertainties associated with: i) leaf water heterogeneity; ii) calculation of the CO 2 concentrations at the site of CO 2 -H 2 O equilibrium; iii) rate of catalytic activity of enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA). This research aimed to investigate the applicability of two models (Péclet & Craig-Gordon) to predict the δ 18 O in leaf water and the extent to which the evaporative enrichment of δ 18 O in leaf water is reflected in the oxygen isotope ratio of CO 2 passing over the leaf. The experiment was carried out on cotton plants grown from seeds in a temperature and humidity controlled glasshouse. Environmental conditions (vapor pressure deficit, leaf temperature, light intensity and oxygen composition) were altered to induce large variation in photosynthetic activity and evaporative conditions and therefore different values of Δ c (Δ 18 O of chloroplast CO 2 ) and Δ e (Δ 18O of H 2 O at the evaporating site) respectively. The results indicate that Péclet model can predict total leaf water enrichment more accurately than the Craig-Gordon model. We obtained the reasonable L value, an important parameter in the Péclet model, compared to those of the previous reports when we removed the unenriched vein water. The L was not influenced by the change in the environmental conditions. The results showed that Δ c was highly significantly correlated with Δ e . The proportional oxygen isotope equilibrium between CO 2 and chloroplast water was calculated to be very near unity at leaf temperatures of 29°C, and approximately 0.8 at leaf temperatures of 20°C. This large discrepancy confirmed that leaf temperature has a large impact on CA activity and as a consequence on the equilibrium of CO 2 with water inside the leaf. Such differences should be taken into consideration in carbon balance model at the ecosystem level.Keywords: Carbon and oxygen isotope discrimination, Gas exchange, Isotope equilibrium, Leaf water enrichment models. IntroduzioneGli equilibri tra la quantità di carbonio presente nell'atmosfera, e quella immagazzinata nella biosfera e nei combustibili fossili potrebbero essere profondamente alterati a causa dell'aumento progressivo del rilascio di carbonio da questi ultimi nell'atmosfera (IPCC 1996). L'accumulo di CO 2 nell'atmosfera sarebbe anche più veloce se oceani ed ecosistemi terre-© Forest@ 3 (2): 205-212, 2006. 205

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Evaluation of models of leaf water ¹⁸O enrichment using measurements of spatial patterns of vein xylem water, leaf water and dry matter in maize leaves

Cited by 77 publications

References 41 publications

Environmental Effects on Oxygen Isotope Enrichment of Leaf Water in Cotton Leaves

Environmental Effects on Oxygen Isotope Enrichment of Leaf Water in Cotton Leaves

Needle cell elongation and maturation timing derived from pine needle cellulose δ¹⁸O

Carbon and oxygen isotopes: a useful tool for the analysis of carbon and water exchanges between plants and the atmosphere

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Evaluation of models of leaf water 18O enrichment using measurements of spatial patterns of vein xylem water, leaf water and dry matter in maize leaves

Cited by 77 publications

References 41 publications

Environmental Effects on Oxygen Isotope Enrichment of Leaf Water in Cotton Leaves

Environmental Effects on Oxygen Isotope Enrichment of Leaf Water in Cotton Leaves

Needle cell elongation and maturation timing derived from pine needle cellulose δ18O

Carbon and oxygen isotopes: a useful tool for the analysis of carbon and water exchanges between plants and the atmosphere

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Evaluation of models of leaf water ¹⁸O enrichment using measurements of spatial patterns of vein xylem water, leaf water and dry matter in maize leaves

Needle cell elongation and maturation timing derived from pine needle cellulose δ¹⁸O