Evaluation of monensin, yeast and glucogenic precursor on growth performance, ruminal fermentation and digestive kinetics of feedlot steers

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of monensin, yeast and glucogenic precursors on growth performance and digestive characteristics of feedlot beef cattle. The treatments evaluated were: control, monensin (40 mg/kg DM), S. cerevisiae (10 g/a/d) and a mix of 1,2-propanediol and calcium propionate as glucogenic precursors (20 g/a/d) as D1, D2, D3 and D4, respectively. In trial 1, eighty steers (261±8 kg) were evaluated for 120d for growth performance variables. Thus, supplementation increased the average daily gain, feed efficiency and final weight (P<0.05). In Trial 2, four steers (260±5 kg) were used to evaluate ruminal fermentation and total digestive parameters. The ruminal propionate concentrations and the flow of nitrogen to duodenum increased with supplementation (P<0.05) whereas the ruminal digestion of nitrogen decreased with supplementation (P<0.05). It is concluded that productive parameters and propionate production are higher when supplementing with 10 g/a/d of S. cerevisiae and 20 g/a/d of the glucogenic precursor which presented a lower ruminal protein degradation.

Effects of Duration of Calcium Propionate Supplementation in Lambs Finished with Supplemental Zilpaterol Hydrochloride: Productive Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Meat Quality

“…When CaPr is supplemented alone, it undergoes hydrolysis within the acidic pH of the rumen, resulting in the formation of Ca 2+ and propionic acid [7]. This process yields several effects at the rumen level, including (1) alteration of the volatile fatty acid (VFA) pattern [5]; (2) reduction in methane production; (3) improved digestibility of the DM; (4) enhanced fermentation efficiency [4]; and (5) improved responsiveness of insulin in glucose metabolism [6], which plays a role in both fat deposition and muscle growth. As a cumulative outcome of these mechanisms, there is a promotion of energy status achieved through the heightened synthesis of glucose via gluconeogenesis [7].…”

“…It has been observed that the gluconeogenic precursor calcium propionate (CaPr) alters energy metabolism in two ways when supplemented in ruminant diets: firstly, by altering rumen fermentation through improvements in ruminal dry matter (DM) digestibility, thereby increasing the proportion of ruminal propionate, and decreasing methane production [4,5]. Another way is by improving insulin's action on glucose metabolism [6], thereby promoting an increase in energy status through enhanced glucose synthesis via gluconeogenesis in the liver [7].…”

Effect of Dietary Calcium Propionate Inclusion Level and Duration in High-Risk Newly Received Stocker Calves: Growth Performance, Body Fat Reserves, and Health

“…It has been observed that gluconeogenic precursor calcium propionate (CaPr) alters energy metabolism when supplemented in ruminant diets. Specifically, it has two significant effects: (1) It alters rumen fermentation by improving ruminal DM digestibility, increasing the proportion of ruminal propionate, and reducing methane production [18,19], and (2) it enhances the action of insulin on glucose (GLU) metabolism [20], promoting an increase in energy status through enhanced GLU synthesis via gluconeogenesis in the liver [21]. In this context, Carrillo-Muro et al [22,23], studying finishing diets for lambs, found that 10 g of CaPr/lamb/d for 28 d increased dry matter intake (DMI) by 1 to 13%, ADG by 28%, ADG/DMI ratio by 17 to 25%, and BW by 5 to 7%.…”