Evaluation of Multi-Step Thermochemical Processes for the Production of Hydrogen from Water

Funk, James E.; Conger, W. L.; Carty, R.H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2607-6_32

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Intensive studies on thermochemical cycles were initiated in the US after the oil crisis by promoting the use of hydrogen as an alternative to fossil fuels, while the interest has decreased due to many challenges in cycling and handling substances at high temperatures and being highly corrosive in most cases (Abanades et al, 2006;Brown et al, 1999). Thermochemical cycles were first proposed and studied by Funk and his colleagues, which led to many other studies with various configurations in the upcoming years (Funk et al, 1975;Funk and Reinstrom, 1966b;Funk, 1972). In addition, other than developing thermally driven hydrogen cycles, their aspects in heat integration and possible sources have also been investigated in early papers (Beghi, 1973;Ramsey, 1973).…”

Section: Background On Thermochemical Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research activities on water splitting thermochemical cycles increased rapidly between 1972 and 1976 with many research articles and technical reports on the topic, starting with the Hydrogen Economy Miami Energy (THEME) conference in 1972 and the Hydrogen Energy Fundamentals symposium in 1975 and continued until 1984. The presented papers in these events discussed multiple topics, including proposition and investigation of different processes, analyses of their performance, thermal efficiency, and reaction enthalpy (de Beni, 1974;Hickman and KrikorianR., 1974;Funk et al, 1974;Knoche et al, 1975). Extensive studies were conducted on different cycles to identify some of the efficient options to proceed with further investigation of their performance.…”

Section: Progress In Promising Thermochemical Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermochemical looping technologies for clean hydrogen production – Current status and recent advances

Özcan

El‐Emam

Horri

2023

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Section: Background On Thermochemical Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Progress In Promising Thermochemical Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical looping technologies for clean hydrogen production – Current status and recent advances

Özcan

El‐Emam

Horri

2023

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…Significant effort is being devoted to the development of efficient, lower temperature, thermochemical decomposition processes [11,[125][126][127][128]. These processes are composed of multistep chemical reactions from water to hydrogen at temperatures below 1000°C [8,124,126].…”

Section: Thermochemicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected topics on hydrogen fuel

Parrish¹,

Voth²,

Hust³

et al. 1975

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The feasibility of using hydrogen as a fuel will be determined by the availability and cost of hydrogen.This chapter considers techniques and costs of producing gaseous hydrogen along with costs of producing liquid, slush and solid hydrogen. It also examines the potential by-products that could lower the overall cost of using hydrogen.Fossil fuels and water are the two sources of hydrogen. Today most industrial hydrogen is derived from hydrocarbons (mainly natural gas) and costs 10 to 15c/kg to produce. When natural gas costs more than approximately 80c/MBTU, coal becomes a competitive source Vith production costs of 20 to 25c/kg. MBTU = BTU x 10 throughout this chapter.As the fossil fuels are depleted, water will become the principal source of hydrogen.The two most promising means of producing hydrogen from water are electrolysis and thermochemical decomposition. Although electrolysis is an existing technology, it is not cost competitive with other existing processes unless electrical power costs less than 5 mills/ kW-h-exceptions occur in those cases where ultra-high purity and/or small quantities of hydrogen are required. Thermochemical decomposition uses a combination of heat and chemicals to decompose water; the process requires several intermediate steps involving chemical reactions and separations.1.3 COST TO MAKE LIQUID, SLUSH, AND SOLID HYDROGEN FROM GASEOUS HYDROGEN Producing liquid, slush, and solid hydrogen from gaseous hydrogen requires capital investment, energy expense, and operating expense for the liquefier and/or refrigerator.An estimate of these costs can be obtained using information from a survey and correlation of current refrigerator/liquef ier capital costs and energy requirements by Strobridge [15].Liquefaction costs presented herein include the cost of gas purification; however, we are unable to supply a breakdown of purifying costs, as these are proprietary industrial data.

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“…Among others, thermochemical water splitting [23] is an attractive way of using thermal energy, either from solar radiation by concentrating the sunlight or from renewable electricity in remote locations for hydrogen generation [4,[24][25][26]. The features of the hydrogen production methods discussed here are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Two-Step Thermochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production in a Redox Cycle

et al. 2022

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The interest in and need for carbon-free fuels that do not rely on fossil fuels are constantly growing from both environmental and energetic perspectives. Green hydrogen production is at the core of the transition away from conventional fuels. Along with popularly investigated pathways for hydrogen production, thermochemical water splitting using redox materials is an interesting option for utilizing thermal energy, as this approach makes use of temperature looping over the material to produce hydrogen from water. Herein, two-step thermochemical water splitting processes are discussed and the key aspects are analyzed using the most relevant information present in the literature. Redox materials and their compositions, which have been proven to be efficient for this reaction, are reported. Attention is focused on non-volatile redox oxides, as the quenching step required for volatile redox materials is unnecessary. Reactors that could be used to conduct the reduction and oxidation reaction are discussed. The most promising materials are compared to each other using a multi-criteria analysis, providing a direction for future research. As evident, ferrite supported on yttrium-stabilized zirconia, ceria doped with zirconia or samarium and ferrite doped with nickel as the core and an yttrium (III) oxide shell are promising choices. Isothermal cycling and lowering of the reduction temperature are outlined as future directions towards increasing hydrogen yields and improving the cyclability.

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Evaluation of Multi-Step Thermochemical Processes for the Production of Hydrogen from Water

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Thermochemical looping technologies for clean hydrogen production – Current status and recent advances

Thermochemical looping technologies for clean hydrogen production – Current status and recent advances

Selected topics on hydrogen fuel

A Comprehensive Review on Two-Step Thermochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production in a Redox Cycle

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