Evaluation of Naturally Occurring Radioactivity Materials (NORM) of Soil and Sediments in Oil and Gas Wells in Western Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Agbalagba, Ezekiel O.; Avwiri, G. O.; Ononugbo, C. P.

doi:10.1007/s12665-013-2312-4

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The specific activities of 226 Ra and 232 Th reported in previous studies [16], [17] and [18] were higher than the values of the present study. The maximum value of 40 K activity in the present study is much lower than those reported in earlier publications [10], [17], [16], [18], [19], [20], [21] and [22]. The high recorded values of the radionuclides in some soil samples are attributed to the geochemical composition and the samples were collected from the areas around the oil wells.…”

Section: Specific Activity Hazard Indicescontrasting

confidence: 81%

Radioactivity and Radionuclide Distribution in Jabel Bawr Oil Site of Kirkuk-Iraq

Taqi

Namq

2021

Arab Journal of Nuclear Sciences and Applications

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Everything around us is continuously exposed to the radiation of the Naturally Occurring (NORM) such as cosmic rays and terrestrial radioactive elements. However but human and technological activities may contribute to increasing the effect causing what is called the Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (TENORM) In the present Radioactive Materials investigation, the radioactivity in soil samples from Jabal Bawr oil site of Kirkuk-Iraq have been studied using a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The specific activity of 226 Ra, 232 Th, 40 k and 137 Cs varied between 24.4-68 Bq kg -1 , 11.6-27.2 Bq kg -1 , 207.2-591 Bq kg -1 and BDL-2.40 Bq kg -1 respectively. The hazard indices (the radium equivalent activity, the absorbed gamma dose rate, the annual effective dose rate, the external and internal hazards, the Gamma radiation representative level index, and excess lifetime cancer risk have been calculated.The results obtained of some sites were found to be higher than the allowable worldwide values. Statistical analysis has been implemented to explain the obtained results.

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Section: Specific Activity Hazard Indicescontrasting

confidence: 81%

Radioactivity and Radionuclide Distribution in Jabel Bawr Oil Site of Kirkuk-Iraq

Taqi

Namq

2021

Arab Journal of Nuclear Sciences and Applications

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“…This region cuts across over 800 oilproducing communities with an extensive network of over 900 producing oil wells and several petroleum production-related facilities [11]. Niger Delta is the third largest wetlands of the world with large fresh water swamp forest rich in bio-diversity [12]. This signifies the vastness in diversity of the ecosystem in need of conservation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiological Survey of Oil and Gas Wastes and its Health Risks in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Ononugbo

Avwiri

Ekpo

et al. 2019

PSIJ

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Aim: The aim of this study is radiometric survey of oil and gas wastes and its health risks in Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Study Design: This study was purely an experimental work which involves collection of samples and laboratory analysis. Place and Duration of the Study: This study was carried out at oil and gas company waste stream facilities and waste pipe market within Niger Delta region between June 2018 and May, 2019. Methodology: Sixteen samples (4 drill cuttings, 4 pipe scales, 2 sludges and 6 produced water) were randomly collected from four waste streams in six locations within the oil and gas production facilities and used pipe market. These samples were taken to the laboratory, prepared following the ISO procedure and packaged in a porcelain bottle, sealed and kept for twenty eight days in order to ensure secular equilibrium between 238U, 232Th and their progenies and counted with high purity Germanium detector (HPGe). The activity concentration of all the radionuclides were used to determine the radiological health risks using mathematical models. Results: The lowest and highest specific activity concentrations of 226Ra, 238U , 232Th and 40K, in solid wastes are 5.28±1.08 and 25727.75 Bqkg-1, 3.61±0.76 and 23021.73±1041.58 Bqkg-1, 2.40±0.56 and 21468.25±1125.57 Bqkg-1 and 35.31±2.38 and 1527.73 ±86.60 Bqkg-1 respectively. In the liquid waste, the lowest and highest activity concentration of 238U, 232Th and 40K are 0.34±0.15 and 1.11±0.28 Bql-1, 0.63±0.17 and 1.06±0.18 Bql-1 and 9.60±0.66 and 14.20 ±1.04 Bql-1 respectively. 226Ra was below detectable limit in the liquid waste except in one sample (CZI). Downhole pipe scales recorded the highest activity concentration of all the radionuclides. Surface pipe scale also recorded very high activity concentration of all the radionuclides. The radiological health risk parameters assessed from the activity concentration of these radionuclide were all above the safe reference levels in downhole pipe scales and surface pipe scales while they are within the safe values in other samples. The estimated Exposure rate for both solid and liquid wastes were higher than the recommended reference level of 600 µRh-1 and the associated dose rate was also higher than reference level. Conclusion: The result of this work revealed that downhole and surface pipes from oilfield commonly used in the construction of buildings and domestic overhead tank-stands are associated with high levels of ionizing radiation which may be detrimental to human health and the environment.

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“…Since then, numerous studies have been conducted with in situ dosimetry [2] as well as calculations using conversion factors [3,4], and reported dose rates ranging from background to 500 lSv/h.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MCNP modeling of NORM dosimetry in the oil and gas industry

Wang

Landsberger

2016

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Naturally-occurring radioactive materials wastes in the oil and gas industry create a radioactive environment for the workers in the field. MCNP simulation conducted in this work provides a useful tool in terms of radiation safety design of the oil field, as well as validation and an important addition to in situ measurements. Furthermore, phantoms are employed to observe the dose distribution throughout the human body, demonstrating radiation effects on each individual organ.

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Evaluation of Naturally Occurring Radioactivity Materials (NORM) of Soil and Sediments in Oil and Gas Wells in Western Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Radioactivity and Radionuclide Distribution in Jabel Bawr Oil Site of Kirkuk-Iraq

Radioactivity and Radionuclide Distribution in Jabel Bawr Oil Site of Kirkuk-Iraq

Radiological Survey of Oil and Gas Wastes and its Health Risks in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

MCNP modeling of NORM dosimetry in the oil and gas industry

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