Evaluation of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity of aminosidine (paromomycin)-allopurinol combination in dogs with leishmaniosis due to Leishmania infantum: A randomized, blinded, controlled study

Canine leishmaniosis and kidney disease: Q&A for an overall management in clinical practice

“…However, to date, there has been just one study of pathological renal damage, but without clinical or clinicopathological alterations, induced by meglumine antimoniate in dogs (Bianciardi et al 2009). In contrast, two recent studies have indicated no impact of meglumine antimoniate treatment for CanL on kidney function on kidney function (Daza González et al 2019, Kasabalis et al 2019. The increase of azotaemia or proteinuria in some dogs treated with meglumine antimoniate is most likely due to the kidney-specific patho-mechanism of formation and deposition of immune complexes than to nephrotoxicity of the drug (Koutinas & Koutinas 2014, Kasabalis et al 2019) (see question 9).…”

“…2019, Kasabalis et al . 2019). The increase of azotaemia or proteinuria in some dogs treated with meglumine antimoniate is most likely due to the kidney‐specific patho‐mechanism of formation and deposition of immune complexes than to nephrotoxicity of the drug (Koutinas & Koutinas 2014, Kasabalis et al .…”

“…The increase of azotaemia or proteinuria in some dogs treated with meglumine antimoniate is most likely due to the kidney‐specific patho‐mechanism of formation and deposition of immune complexes than to nephrotoxicity of the drug (Koutinas & Koutinas 2014, Kasabalis et al . 2019) (see question 9). The routine use of other protocols or drugs to treat leishmaniosis in dogs with kidney disease is no longer recommended (Pineda et al .…”

Comparative study of the efficacy and safety between aminosidine (paromomycin) and meglumine antimonate for the treatment of canine leishmaniosis due to Leishmania infantum

“…Client owned dogs were eligible for inclusion into the trial if they presented at least one clinical sign of CanL, positive serology (indirect immunofluorescence antibody test-IFAT titer ≥1/200) and positive lymph node and/or bone marrow microscopy for Leishmania amastigotes. Exclusion criteria were stage III or IV CKD, the presence of any concurrent disease, pregnancy, lactation, previous vaccination against CanL, administration of meglumine antimoniate, miltefosine, aminosidine or amphotericin B during the last 12 months, administration of allopurinol, ketoconazole, metronidazole, fluoroquinolones or pentamidine during the previous 3 months, aggressive behavior prohibiting safe hospitalization of the dog and the owner's unwillingness to participate in the study (Kasabalis et al, 2019).…”

“…We have previously shown that the optimized dose regimen of aminosidineallopurinol combination is neither ototoxic nor nephrotoxic in dogs with CanL (Kasabalis et al, 2019). The aim of this randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial was to compare the efficacy and safety of aminosidine-allopurinol combination with that of meglumine antimoniate-allopurinol combination, in terms of improvement of CanL-associated clinical signs, avoidance of relapses, amelioration of clinicopathological abnormalities, reduction of parasitic load and evolution of Leishmania-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, over the course of 6 months.…”