Evaluation of night-time aerosols measurements and lunar irradiance models in the frame of the first multi-instrument nocturnal intercomparison campaign

Barreto, África; Román, Roberto; Cuevas, E.; Pérez-Ramírez, D.; Berjón, A.; Kouremeti, Natalia; Kazadzis, Stelios; Gröbner, Julian; Mazzola, Mauro; Toledano, Carlos; Benavent-Oltra, José Antonio; Doppler, Lionel; Jurýšek, Jakub; Almansa, A. Fernando; Victori, Stéphane; Maupin, Fabrice; Guirado-Fuentes, Carmen; González, Ramiro; Vitale, Vito; Goloub, Philippe; Blarel, Luc; Alados-Arboledas, L.; Woolliams, Emma; Taylor, S.; Antuña, Juan Carlos; Yela, Margarita

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.01.006

Cited by 30 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…SLOPE I took place at AGORA from May to September 2016 with the objective validating the vertically resolved aerosol properties retrieved from the combination of active and passive remote-sensing measurements by in situ measurements on the surrounding high mountain area. In this regard, several studies have been done using SLOPE I database: day-to-night evolution of the planetary boundary layer (de Arruda Moreira et al, 2018) and its turbulence behaviour (de Arruda Moreira et al, 2019), aerosol hygroscopic growth (Bedoya-Velásquez et al, 2018), evaluation of the aerosol properties during the daytime retrieved by GRASP combining a ceilometer and sun-sky photometer measurements (Román et al, 2018), and the characterization of the angular scattering of the Sahara dust aerosol by means of polar nephelometry (Horvath et al, 2018). Thus, SLOPE I is ideal for our purposes of studying day-to-night aerosol microphysical properties retrievals.…”

Section: Andalusian Global Observatory Of the Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Different strategies to retrieve aerosol properties at night-time with the GRASP algorithm

et al. 2019

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Abstract. This study evaluates the potential of the GRASP algorithm (Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol and Surface Properties) to retrieve continuous day-to-night aerosol properties, both column-integrated and vertically resolved. The study is focused on the evaluation of GRASP retrievals during an intense Saharan dust event that occurred during the Sierra Nevada Lidar aerOsol Profiling Experiment I (SLOPE I) field campaign. For daytime aerosol retrievals, we combined the measurements of the ground-based lidar from EARLINET (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network) station and sun–sky photometer from AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network), both instruments co-located in Granada (Spain). However, for night-time retrievals three different combinations of active and passive remote-sensing measurements are proposed. The first scheme (N0) uses lidar night-time measurements in combination with the interpolation of sun–sky daytime measurements. The other two schemes combine lidar night-time measurements with night-time aerosol optical depth obtained by lunar photometry either using intensive properties of the aerosol retrieved during sun–sky daytime measurements (N1) or using the Moon aureole radiance obtained by sky camera images (N2). Evaluations of the columnar aerosol properties retrieved by GRASP are done versus standard AERONET retrievals. The coherence of day-to-night evolutions of the different aerosol properties retrieved by GRASP is also studied. The extinction coefficient vertical profiles retrieved by GRASP are compared with the profiles calculated by the Raman technique at night-time with differences below 30 % for all schemes at 355, 532 and 1064 nm. Finally, the volume concentration and scattering coefficient retrieved by GRASP at 2500 m a.s.l. are evaluated by in situ measurements at this height at Sierra Nevada Station. The differences between GRASP and in situ measurements are similar for the different schemes, with differences below 30 % for both volume concentration and scattering coefficient. In general, for the scattering coefficient, the GRASP N0 and N1 show better results than the GRASP N2 schemes, while for volume concentration, GRASP N2 shows the lowest differences against in situ measurements (around 10 %) for high aerosol optical depth values.

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Section: Andalusian Global Observatory Of the Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Different strategies to retrieve aerosol properties at night-time with the GRASP algorithm

et al. 2019

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“…as strong as the direct solar irradiance during a full moon, and 1×10 −6 during a half-moon (Berkoff et al, 2011). From Table 1, the calibration constants at 340 and 380 nm are 1.8 × 10 −5 and 1.9 × 10 −5 (about 2 × 10 −5 ), respectively.…”

Section: Adjustment Of Amplifiermentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The comparison of the AOD (PWV) before and after sunrise and sunset is used to evaluate the moon photometry (Berkoff et al, 2011;Barreto et al, 2013Barreto et al, , 2016Barreto et al, , 2017Barreto et al, , 2019. Before and after sunrise (sunset), the AOD before sunrise (after sunset) is the average of the data with a solar altitude angle between −10 and −15 • , with a lunar phase angle less than 100 • , and with a lunar altitude angle of more than 10 • .…”

Section: Comparison Of Aod (Pwv) Before and After Sunrise And Sunsetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Cimel Sun photometer used in AERONET has been modified for lunar observation and the aerosol optical depth at night can be estimated (Berkoff et al, 2011;Barreto et al, 2013Barreto et al, , 2016Barreto et al, , 2017. In addition, a lunar photometer -the Moon Precision Filter Radiometer, LunarPFR -has been developed by the Physical Meteorological Observatory in Davos (PMOD), which serves as the World Radiation Center (WRC), based on the Sun-PFR ex-perience.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nocturnal aerosol optical depth measurements with modified sky radiometer POM-02 using the moon as a light source

et al. 2019

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Abstract. The majority of aerosol data are obtained from daytime measurements, and there are few datasets available for studying nighttime aerosol characteristics. In order to estimate the aerosol optical depth (AOD) and the precipitable water vapor (PWV) during the nighttime using the moon as a light source, a sky radiometer (POM-02, Prede Ltd., Japan) was modified. The amplifier was adjusted so that POM-02 could measure lower levels of input irradiance. In order to track the moon based on the calculated values, a simplified formula was incorporated into the firmware. A new position sensor with a four-quadrant detector to adjust the tracking of the Sun and moon was also developed. The calibration constant, which is the sensor output for the extraterrestrial solar and lunar irradiance at the mean Earth–Sun distance, was determined by using the Langley method. The measurements for the Langley calibration were conducted at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Mauna Loa Observatory (NOAA/MLO) from 28 September 2017 to 7 November 2017. By assuming that the correct reflectance is proportional to the reflectance estimated by the Robotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) irradiance model, the calibration constant for the lunar direct irradiance was successfully determined using the Langley method. The ratio of the calibration constant for the moon to that of the Sun was often greater than 1; the value of the ratio was 0.95 to 1.18 in the visible and near-infrared wavelength regions. This indicates that the ROLO model often underestimates the reflectance. In addition, this ratio depended on the phase angle. In this study, this ratio was approximated by a quadratic equation of the phase angle. By using this approximation, the reflectance of the moon can be calculated to within an accuracy of 1 % or less. In order to validate the estimates of the AOD and PWV, continuous measurements with POM-02 were conducted at the Japan Meteorological Agency/Meteorological Research Institute (JMA/MRI) from January 2018 to May 2018, and the AOD and PWV were estimated. The results were compared with the AOD and PWV obtained by independent methods. The AOD was compared with that estimated by the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) High Spectral Resolution Lidar measurements (wavelength: 532 nm), and the PWV was compared with the PWV obtained from a radiosonde and the Global Positioning System. In addition, the continuity of the AOD (PWV) before and after sunrise and sunset in Tsukuba was examined, and the AOD (PWV) of AERONET and that of POM-02 at MLO were compared. In the results, the daytime and nighttime AOD (PWV) measurements are shown to be statistically almost equivalent. The AODs (PWVs) during the daytime and nighttime for POM-02 are presumed to have the same degree of precision and accuracy within the measurement uncertainty.

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“…In order to assess the CATS data quality at both day and night, Version 3 AERONET AOD from both sun and lunar photometers are analyzed. The level 2 (cloud screened and quality assured) daytime (Giles et al, 2019) and level 1.5 (cloud screened) nighttime AOD observations (Barreto et al, 2019(Barreto et al, , 2016 at the 1020 nm spectrum band are compared with collocated CATS AOD at 1064 nm. Here a "collocated observation" is identified when the CATS orbit passed anywhere in the ± 0.5 latitude/longitude box of a specific AERONET site within ± 0.5 hour of the corresponding AERONET site observation.…”

Section: Aeronetmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Global Analysis of Dust Diurnal Variability Using CATS Observations

Калашникова

Garay

et al. 2019

Preprint

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The current study investigates the diurnal cycle of dust loading across the global tropics, sub-tropics, and mid-latitudes by analyzing aerosol extinction and typing profiles observed by the Cloud-Aerosol Transport System (CATS) lidar aboard the International Space Station. According to the comparison with ground-based and other satellite observations, CATS aerosol and dust loading observations exhibits reasonable quality and insignificant day-night inconsistency, thereby supporting the current analysis of dust diurnal cycle using CATS data. Based on an analysis of variance analytical framework, statistically significant diurnal variability in dust loading is identified over key dust sources, including the Bod&#233;l&#233; depression, West African El Djouf, Rub-al Khali desert, and western and southern North America, confirming the previous observation-based findings regarding the diurnal cycle of dust emission and underlying meteorological processes in these regions. Insignificant annual mean dust diurnal variability is identified over the Iraqi, Thar, and Taklamakan deserts. The currently identified significant diurnal cycles in dust loading over the rainforests in Amazon and tropical southern Africa, and drylands in South America and the central Australia, are hypothesized to be driven by enhanced dust emission due to wildfires and enhanced katabatic and frontal winds, respectively.</p>

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Evaluation of night-time aerosols measurements and lunar irradiance models in the frame of the first multi-instrument nocturnal intercomparison campaign

Cited by 30 publications

References 54 publications

Different strategies to retrieve aerosol properties at night-time with the GRASP algorithm

Different strategies to retrieve aerosol properties at night-time with the GRASP algorithm

Nocturnal aerosol optical depth measurements with modified sky radiometer POM-02 using the moon as a light source

A Global Analysis of Dust Diurnal Variability Using CATS Observations

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