Evaluation of Nonsurgical Treatment Effects on Salivary Melatonin Level in Periodontal Disease: A Radioimmunoassay Study

Abstract

Introduction Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory infection in which tissue destruction is associated with an imbalance between oxidant-antioxidant systems. Melatonin is an antioxidant biomarker that has an antioxidant action. Nonsurgical treatment is one periodontal treatment method that affects etiologic factors. This study investigated salivary melatonin concentration and its changes following nonsurgical treatment in periodontal disease. Materials and methods This study is a case control one where the study groups included 45 patients with periodontal disease and 15 healthy subjects selected as controls. Unstimulated saliva was collected before and after scaling and root planing. Sample was evaluated by radioimmunoassay (RIA) method. In order to analyze the data t-test, ANOVA was used. The p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Melatonin was detected in study group before nonsurgical treatment. Salivary melatonin levels in the severe periodontitis group were significantly lower than the other groups (p < 0.05). The melatonin changes were statistically significant between the groups of patients after intervention. The significant correlation between salivary melatonin with the clinical parameter was observed (p < 0.05). Conclusion Nonsurgical treatments improve clinical parameters. Salivary melatonin level has correlation with changes in clinical parameters. The melatonin production after nonsurgical treatment had correlation with severity of disease. How to cite this article Hagh LG, Yousefimanesh H, Mohammadi F, Ahangarpour A. Evaluation of Nonsurgical Treatment Effects on Salivary Melatonin Level in Periodontal Disease: A Radioimmunoassay Study. World J Dent 2013;4(4):217-223.

Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on salivary melatonin levels in patients with periodontal disease

“…This could be due to the elimination of local etiologic factors and a reduction in inflammation in Groups B and C after SRP. This is in accordance with the studies done by Bertl et al ,[ 18 ] Hagh et al ,[ 19 ] Tamaki et al ,[ 22 ] and Lui et al . [ 30 ]…”

“…[ 11 , 12 ] Although some research has been done on the link between melatonin and periodontal disease,[ 14 ] only a few studies have looked into the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on SM levels. [ 18 , 19 ]…”

“…Hagh et al . [ 19 ] showed a 50% increase in SM levels in patients with periodontitis and a 15% increase in patients with gingivitis following nonsurgical periodontal treatment.…”

“…This increase in SM levels after periodontal therapy was also shown in studies done by Bertl et al . (2013),[ 18 ] Hagh et al ,[ 19 ] Cutando et al ,[ 39 ] and Srinath et al . [ 40 ]…”

“…[ 11 - 13 ] Although research has been done on the link between melatonin and periodontal disease,[ 14 - 17 ] there are limited studies on the influence of periodontal treatment on melatonin levels. [ 18 , 19 ] Melatonin may be beneficial in the treatment of periodontal disease by lowering oxidative stress, preventing tissue damage, increasing the immunological response, and slowing the loss of alveolar bone. [ 20 ]…”