Evaluation of Novel Tools to Facilitate the Detection and Characterization of Leprosy Patients in China

Wen, Yiping; You, Yuan Gang; Yuan, Lian Chao; Yuan, You Hua; Zhang, Ying; Duthie, Malcolm S.; Li, Huan Ying

doi:10.1155/2014/371828

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Only the differences in the proportions of NDOHSA versus LID-1 seropositivity and NDOLID versus LID-1 seropositivity among household contacts were significant. Similar results were observed in a study developed in China, in which the proportion of seropositivity to natural disaccharide linked to bovine serum albumin via octyl (NDOBSA) among contacts was higher than the proportion reported for NDOLID ( Wen et al 2014 ). However, the percentage of reactivity observed for NDOLID did not reflect the expected reactivity to NDOHSA and LID-1 ( Duthie et al 2014a ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In the group of PB cases, the proportion of seropositivity for NDOHSA (18.5%) was higher than those observed in studies with native or synthetic PGL-I ( Araújo et al 2012 , Hungria et al 2012 , Freitas et al 2015 ). However, these proportions were lower than those observed in other studies with native or synthetic PGL-I ( Duthie et al 2007 , Lobato et al 2011 , Wen et al 2014 , Fabri et al 2015 , Freitas et al 2015 ) The anti-LID-1 (3.7%) and anti-NDOLID (14.8%) seropositivity rates were also lower than described in the literature for LID-1 ( Duthie et al 2007 , Wen et al 2014 , Fabri et al 2015 , Freitas et al 2015 ) and NDOLID ( Wen et al 2014 , Fabri et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…The proportions of seropositivity observed for the three antigens in the group of MB cases (59.1% for NDOHSA; 58.2% for LID-1 and 60.0% for NDOLID) were lower than have been described in other studies for native or synthetic PGL-I ( Duthie et al 2007 , Lobato et al 2011 , Araújo et al 2012 , Hungria et al 2012 , Wen et al 2014 , Fabri et al 2015 , Freitas et al 2015 ), LID-1 ( Duthie et al 2007 , Wen et al 2014 , Fabri et al 2015 , Freitas et al 2015 ) and NDOLID ( Wen et al 2014 , Fabri et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

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Specific antigen serologic tests in leprosy: implications for epidemiological surveillance of leprosy cases and household contacts

Carvalho

Coelho

Correa-Oliveira

et al. 2017

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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BACKGROUND There is a lack of straightforward tests for field application and known biomarkers for predicting leprosy progression in infected individuals.OBJECTIVE The aim was to analyse the response to infection by Mycobacterium leprae based on the reactivity of specific antigens: natural disaccharide linked to human serum albumin via an octyl (NDOHSA), a semisynthetic phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I); Leprosy Infectious Disease Research Institute Diagnostic-1 (LID-1) and natural disaccharide octyl - Leprosy Infectious Disease Research Institute Diagnostic-1 (NDOLID).METHODS The study population consisted of 130 leprosy cases diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 and 277 household contacts. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to analyse the reactivity of antibodies against NDOHSA, LID-1 and NDOLID. The samples and controls were tested in duplicate, and the antibody titer was expressed as an ELISA index. Data collection was made by home visits with application of questionnaire and dermatological evaluation of all household contacts to identify signs and symptoms of leprosy.FINDINGS Significant differences in the median ELISA results were observed among leprosy cases in treatment, leprosy cases that had completed treatment and household contacts. Higher proportions of seropositivity were observed in leprosy cases in treatment. Seropositivity was also higher in multibacillary in relation to paucibacillary, with the difference reaching statistical significance. Lower titers were observed among cases with a longer treatment time or discharge. For household contacts, the differences according to the clinical characteristics of the leprosy index case were less pronounced than expected. Other factors, such as the endemicity of leprosy, exposure outside the residence and genetic characteristics, appeared to have a greater influence on the seropositivity.MAIN CONCLUSIONS Serologic tests could be used as auxiliary tools for determining the operational classification, in addition to identifying infected individuals and as a strategy for surveillance of household contacts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

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Specific antigen serologic tests in leprosy: implications for epidemiological surveillance of leprosy cases and household contacts

Carvalho

Coelho

Correa-Oliveira

et al. 2017

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Antigen-specific antibody detection by NDO-LID was performed as previously described[ 15 ]. Serum antibodies were measured by the NDO-LID rapid diagnostic test (RDT; procured from Orange Life, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical density (OD) values were determined with an ELISA plate reader (Asys Expert Plus-Microplate Reader UK) at 450 nm. The cut off for ELISA positivity was calculated from an OD value of 0.2, as described previously[ 15 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antigen-specific immune responses for leprosy diagnosis in a hyperendemic area in China

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveTo evaluate antigen-specific immune responses for leprosy diagnosis in a hyperendemic area in China.MethodsEighty-three leprosy patients and 161 non-leprosy controls were enrolled from Hani-yi Autonomous Prefecture of Honghe, Yunnan Province, China. Leprosy patients were divided into multibacillary (MB, n = 38), paucibacillary (PB, n = 23), and post-multi-drug therapy (MDT, n = 22) groups. Controls were divided into the following groups: healthy household contacts (HHC, n = 119), tuberculosis (TB, n = 11), and endemic controls (EC, n = 31). The NDO-LID Rapid Test, M. leprae antigen-specific ELISA and antigen-specific IFN-γ secretion in a whole blood assay (WBA) were used to evaluate these subjects.ResultsThe NDO-LID Rapid Test achieved higher positive response rates in MB than in PB patients[94.7%(36/38) vs 65.2%(15/23)], and these rates were higher than those observed by ELISA using anti-LID-1[92.1%(35/38) vs 52.2%(12/23)], anti-NDO-LID[92.1%(35/38) vs 47.8% (11/23)], and anti-ND-O-BSA[89.5%(34/38) vs 60.9%(14/23)]. However, the NDO-LID Rapid Test also showed a higher positive response rate in the EC group (33.3%,10/31), which was higher than the rates observed for anti-NDO-LID (12.9%,4/31) and anti-ND-O-BSA (16.1%,5/31). M. leprae antigen-specific ELISA demonstrated relatively high specificity (86.84–97.37%) but low sensitivity (15.97–72.73%) in discriminating between leprosy patients and non-leprosy controls by ROC curve analysis. In contrast, M. leprae antigen-specific IFN-γ secretion detection achieved higher positive response rates in PB than in MB patients (positive ratio of MB vs PB: 40% vs 56% for LID-1, 28.6% vs 47.8% for ML89, 31.4% vs 60.7% for ML2044, and 31.4 vs 47.8% for ML2028) and could distinguish MB from EC when stimulated with ML89(AUC = 0.6664) and PB fromTB when stimulated with ML2044 and ML2028(AUC = 0.7549 and 0.7372, respectively).ConclusionThe NDO-LID Rapid Test and M. leprae antigen-specific ELISA are useful tools to assist in the diagnosis of leprosy patients, especially MB patients, although the former had higher sensitivity but lower specificity than the latter. M. leprae antigen-specific IFN-γ release assessed by WBA has diagnostic value for distinguishing PB from TB but not for distinguishing PB from HHC or EC. Screening novel M. leprae-specific antigens, combining different M. leprae antigens and a multi-cytokine analyte model may be needed for more effective diagnosis of leprosy.

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Utility and limitations of serodiagnostic tests in monitoring the response to treatment of leprosy patients

Duthie

Roferos²,

Abellana³

et al. 2020

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease

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Evaluation of Novel Tools to Facilitate the Detection and Characterization of Leprosy Patients in China

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Specific antigen serologic tests in leprosy: implications for epidemiological surveillance of leprosy cases and household contacts

Specific antigen serologic tests in leprosy: implications for epidemiological surveillance of leprosy cases and household contacts

Evaluation of antigen-specific immune responses for leprosy diagnosis in a hyperendemic area in China

Utility and limitations of serodiagnostic tests in monitoring the response to treatment of leprosy patients

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