Evaluation of Outcomes in Patients Treated With Antistaphylococcal Penicillins Versus Cephalosporins in Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcal aureus Bacteremia

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Safety of Antistaphylococcal Penicillins Compared to Cefazolin

“…Search results. The database search process identified 475 articles; 11 (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22) were included in the analysis of hospitalized patients, and 3 (23)(24)(25) were included in the analysis of outpatients (Fig. 1).…”

“…The characteristics of the included studies are summarized in Table 1. The earliest study included was reported in 2011 (17); all studies were of a retrospective cohort design (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), except for two case-control studies (17,23). None of the studies were funded by manufacturing companies; seven were published (14, 17-19, 21, 23-25), and six were unpublished except as conference abstracts (12,13,15,16,20,22).…”

“…The earliest study included was reported in 2011 (17); all studies were of a retrospective cohort design (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), except for two case-control studies (17,23). None of the studies were funded by manufacturing companies; seven were published (14, 17-19, 21, 23-25), and six were unpublished except as conference abstracts (12,13,15,16,20,22). All studies were conducted in the United States (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), except for two performed in South Korea (17,23); all studies were single-center investigations (12, 13, 15-17, 19, 20, 22, 23), except for three that were multicenter investigations (14,18,21,24); and all studies were in English.…”

“…None of the studies were funded by manufacturing companies; seven were published (14, 17-19, 21, 23-25), and six were unpublished except as conference abstracts (12,13,15,16,20,22). All studies were conducted in the United States (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), except for two performed in South Korea (17,23); all studies were single-center investigations (12, 13, 15-17, 19, 20, 22, 23), except for three that were multicenter investigations (14,18,21,24); and all studies were in English. The average age of subjects ranged from (12-19, 21, 22).…”

“…Six of the studies did not report the doses of antistaphylococcal penicillins or cefazolin (12,13,17,19,20,24). Nafcillin was used in 11 studies (12-17, 19, 20, 24), while oxacillin was used in 5 studies (18,(21)(22)(23)25). Five studies defined nephrotoxicity as an increase in the serum creatinine level of Ն0.5 mg/dl or 50% (12,15,17,(22)(23)(24).…”