Evaluation of pain management interventions for neonatal circumcision pain

Salivary cortisol measurements in sick infants: A feasible and objective method of measuring stress?

“…3). Several other studies have failed to demonstrate a positive correlation between salivary cortisol and a stressor in the form of an isolated painful procedure Greenberg, 2002;Joyce et al, 2001). Low correlation of salivary cortisol levels with pain scores also occurred in the study by Joyce et al (2001), and was most likely due to difficulties with obtaining adequate volumes of uncontaminated saliva from the infants.…”

“…In one such study, salivary secretion was reported to be low in infants less than one month of age, with the saliva being described as highly viscous (Ben-Aryeh et al, 1984). There were also difficulties described in a recent study, in obtaining salivary samples from infants less than one week of age, where sufficient saliva was obtained from only half of the sample (Joyce et al, 2001). These authors subsequently recommended that due to the difficulties in sampling, Figure 3 Box plot depicting salivary cortisol levels and enteral feeding.…”

“…post-painful or stressful procedures has been demonstrated in some studies (Kurihara et al, 1996;Felt et al, 2000;Lewis and Thomas, 1990), although not in others Greenberg, 2002;Joyce et al, 2001). Results have been variable and have depended on the stimulus, the health of the infants as determined by obstetric history and previous exposure to the stimulus Gunnar et al, 1991).…”

“…Results have been variable and have depended on the stimulus, the health of the infants as determined by obstetric history and previous exposure to the stimulus Gunnar et al, 1991). Despite the wide variability in normal salivary cortisol levels and variable responses to both painful and non-painful stimuli, salivary cortisol levels have been used to measure effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing pain and stress in infants (Kurihara et al, 1996;Felt et al, 2000;Joyce et al, 2001;Vaughn et al, 1996) and for investigating effects of environmental light reduction (Grauer, 1989). The collection of saliva has been reported as being a simple procedure to undertake, resulting in little stress to infants (Chang et al, 1995).…”

Pain Relieving Effect of Yakson Therapy for Infants

“…경구투여 등이 알려져 있다 (Campos, 1994;Corff, Seideman, Venkataraman, Lutes, & Yates, 1995;Gray, Watt, & Blass, 2000;Joyce, Keck, & Gerkensmeyer, 2001;Kass & Holman, 2001). 비영양성 빨기는 빠는 행위 자체만으로도 안정 효과가 뛰 어나고, 심박동수 및 대사율 감소로 인해 통증 역치를 상승시 킬 수 있으며 (Blass & Ciaramitaro, 1994), 안고 흔들어주기 등 과 같은 전정자극은 신생아의 안정된 행동 상태를 가져올 뿐 아니라 심박동수의 감소를 통해 에너지 소모를 감소시킬 수 있다 (Kim, 1996) • 약손요법을 제공받은 실험군은 받지 않은 대조군보다 통증 행동점수가 낮을 것이다.…”