Evaluation of Perceived Threat Differences Posed by Filovirus Variants

Kuhn, Jens H.; Dodd, Lori E.; Wahl‐Jensen, Victoria; Radoshitzky, Sheli R.; Bavari, Sina; Jahrling, Peter B.

doi:10.1089/bsp.2011.0051

Cited by 67 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Since the final outcome of the current outbreaks is not known and the dynamics of CFR can change daily as the course of the disease progresses, the use of PFC for the ongoing outbreaks interchangeably with CFR for concluded outbreaks is appropriate. This CFR/PFC value obtained in this report is comparable to the CFR from previous reports, including 78% (99.5% CI = 71%-84%) [8], 50%-90%, [37], and 70.8% (95% CI = 69%-73%) for patients with known clinical outcomes in the ongoing outbreak [38].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Descriptive analyses and risk of death due to Ebola Virus Disease, West Africa, 2014

Fasina

Adenubi

Ogundare

et al. 2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Since the first case of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in Guinea in 2013, major outbreaks have been reported in West Africa. Methodology: Cases and fatalities of EVD caused by Zaire Ebola virus (ZEBOV) were evaluated, and the risks of dying in the general population and in healthcare workers were assessed. Results: The case fatality rate estimated for EVD was 76.4% in 20 studies. Cumulative proportion of fatal cases in West Africa was 42.9%, 30.1%, and 64.2% in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea, respectively. The proportion of total deaths in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea was 42.5%, 35.8%, and 21.6%, respectively. Healthcare workers were at higher risk of dying compared with the general public, and the same applied to intense transmission countries and to countries with sufficient bed capacities. The declaration of a health emergency "out-ofcontrol" situation by the World Health Organization on 8 August 2014 reduced the risk of death among patients. Factors including deplorable healthcare delivery infrastructure in war-ravaged regions of Africa, the impotence of governments to enforce public health regulations, and the loss of confidence in public healthcare delivery programs were key among others factors that enhanced the spread and magnitude of outbreaks. Conclusions: The findings underscore the need for an overall re-appraisal of the healthcare systems in African countries and the ability to cope with widespread epidemic challenges. Outbreaks like that of Ebola diseases should be handled not just as a medical emergency but also a socio-economic problem with significant negative economic impacts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Ebola) influenced the CFRs [7,8]. To date, three Ebola viruses have caused relatively large outbreaks in humans in Africa, including the ZEBOV (13 outbreaks), SEBOV (7 outbreaks), and BEBOV (2 outbreaks) [9][10][11].…”

Section: Zebov] > Sudan Ebola Virus [Sebov] > the Bundibugyo Ebola VImentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive analyses and risk of death due to Ebola Virus Disease, West Africa, 2014

Fasina

Adenubi

Ogundare

et al. 2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…With improved sequencing tools, the role of EBOV isolate sequence differences has recently become topical (36). For instance, the sequence of EBOV used in this study appears to contain an additional uracil residue in the GP gene-editing site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, the sequence of EBOV used in this study appears to contain an additional uracil residue in the GP gene-editing site. If this is a true mutation (the site causes stuttering of polymerases and may therefore cause sequencing artifacts) (37), this mutation may reduce the amount of sGP processed during an infection (36,37). Although the function of sGP is unknown, sGP has been hypothesized to act as a decoy for protective antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed treatment of Ebola virus infection with plant-derived monoclonal antibodies provides protection in rhesus macaques

Olinger

Pettitt

Kim

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

353

344

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Filovirus infections can cause a severe and often fatal disease in humans and nonhuman primates, including great apes. Here, three anti-Ebola virus mouse/human chimeric mAbs (c13C6, h-13F6, and c6D8) were produced in Chinese hamster ovary and in whole plant (Nicotiana benthamiana) cells. In pilot experiments testing a mixture of the three mAbs (MB-003), we found that MB-003 produced in both manufacturing systems protected rhesus macaques from lethal challenge when administered 1 h postinfection. In a pivotal followup experiment, we found significant protection (P < 0.05) when MB-003 treatment began 24 or 48 h postinfection (four of six survived vs. zero of two controls). In all experiments, surviving animals that received MB-003 experienced little to no viremia and had few, if any, of the clinical symptoms observed in the controls. The results represent successful postexposure in vivo efficacy by a mAb mixture and suggest that this immunoprotectant should be further pursued as a postexposure and potential therapeutic for Ebola virus exposure.passive immunization | therapy

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“…4) rotipo) siekia net 78 proc. [2]. Šio protrūkio metu Ebolos virusu buvo infekuoti 443 medicinos darbuotojai, iš jų net 244 mirė [1].…”

Section: įVadasunclassified

Ebolos Hemoraginė Karštinė: Etiologija, Klinika, Diagnostikos Metodai Ir Rekomendacijos Pirminės Sveikatos Priežiūros Specialistams. Literatūros Apžvalga

Višinskaitė

Višinskienė

2014

Medicinos Teorija Ir Praktika

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SANTRAUKAReikšminiai žodžiai: Ebolos virusas, hemoraginė karštinė, epidemija, rekomendacijos. Ebolos hemoraginė karštinė yra sunki, dažnai mirtina virusinė infekcija, kurios inkubacinio periodo trukmė svyruoja nuo 2 iki 21 dienos, tačiau dažniausiai pirmieji simptomai pasireiškia 5-7 užsikrėtimo dieną. Liga prasideda nespecifiniais, dažnai į gripoidinį sindromą panašiais simptomais: febriliu karščiavimu, galvos ir raumenų skausmu, kosuliu, sloga bei dideliu bendru silpnumu. Vėliau (po 2-3 dienų) prasideda intensyvus pykinimas, vėmimas, viduriavimas, atsiranda daugybinių hemoragijų. Ligai progresuojant, daugelio gyvybei svarbių organų pažeidimas bei nesustabdomas vidinis kraujavimas dažniausiai ir lemia letalinę šios ligos baigtį. Pagrindinis užkrato plitimo kelias yra tiesioginis kontaktas su sergančio asmens kūno skysčiais arba jais infekuotais paviršiais (drabužiais, patalyne). Užkrėsti recipientą taip pat galima kraujo transfuzijų ir organų persodinimo metu. Iki šios dienos nei vakcinos, nei patikimų šios karštinės gydymo metodų dar nėra, todėl itin svarbu imtis visų priemonių, siekiant užkirsti tolesniam infekcijos plitimui. Šio straipsnio tikslas yra apžvelgti ir supažindinti sveikatos priežiūros specialistus su naujausia informacija apie Ebolos hemoraginę karštinę bei pateikti oficialiais šaltiniais pagrįstas rekomendacijas. ABSTRACTKey words: Ebola virus, hemorrhagic fever, outbreak, recommendations. Ebola hemorrhagic fever is severe and often lethal viral infection, which symptoms usually appear after an 2-to-21-day incubation period (in most cases it is 5-7 days). At the beginning it imitates nonspecific flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache, myalgia, cough, runny nose and general weakness. As the illness develops, person begins to feel nauseous, vomit, experiences diarrhoea and multiple hemorrhagic rash. Later multiple organ dysfunction and unstoppable internal bleeding occurs, which is the main cause of death from this infection. Ebola virus is transmitted through direct contact with symptomatic person's body fluids and infected surfaces (bedding, clothing). Recipient can be also infected while receiving blood transfusion or during organ transplantation. So far there are no vaccines or effective treatment so it is very important to stop the infection spreading. The purpose of this article is to provide health care professionals with the newest evidence based information and recommendations about Ebola hemorrhagic fever. ĮVADASEbolos virusinė liga, dar vadinama Ebolos hemoragine karštine, -viena opiausių šių dienų aktualijų medicinos pasaulyje. Nors Ebolos virusas pirmą kartą aprašytas dar 1976 metais, po beveik 40 metų vis dar nėra išrasta jokio gana efektyvaus gydymo metodo ar vakcinos nuo šios žaibišku greičiu plintančios infekcijos. 2014 m. kovo mėnesį Gvinėjoje (Afrika) prasidėjusi lokali epidemija sparčiai išplito ir jau tapo visuotine problema. Per nepilnus 8 mėnesius Ebolos karštinė nusinešė 4 868 žmonių gyvybę (2014 m. spalio 22 d. PSO duomenys) [1], o mirštamumas nuo šios infekcijos (Zair...

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Evaluation of Perceived Threat Differences Posed by Filovirus Variants

Abstract: Angola, Ci67 or Popp, or Ebola virus Kikwit, but these rationales seem to be largely based on anecdotal or unpublished and unverified data, or they may reflect a lack of awareness of important facts about the variants' isolation history and genomic properties.

Cited by 67 publications

References 51 publications

Descriptive analyses and risk of death due to Ebola Virus Disease, West Africa, 2014

Descriptive analyses and risk of death due to Ebola Virus Disease, West Africa, 2014

Delayed treatment of Ebola virus infection with plant-derived monoclonal antibodies provides protection in rhesus macaques

Ebolos Hemoraginė Karštinė: Etiologija, Klinika, Diagnostikos Metodai Ir Rekomendacijos Pirminės Sveikatos Priežiūros Specialistams. Literatūros Apžvalga

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