Evaluation of pesticide residues in open field and greenhouse tomatoes from Colombia

“…Los resultados, resumidos en la Figura 3, muestran que la frecuencia de incidencia de los plaguicidas analizados es similar a la reportada por Bojacá et al (13), de 73%. Kofi et al (37) encontraron residuos de plaguicidas organoclorados y/o piretroides en 67% de muestras de tomate analizadas, siendo los más frecuentes lindano, metoxicloro y DDT.…”

Section: Muestreounclassified

RESIDUOS DE PLAGUICIDAS EN TOMATE (Solanum lycopersicum) COMERCIALIZADO EN ARMENIA, COLOMBIA

Ríos

Vida

Montes

et al. 2017

Vitae

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Background: Tomato variety "chonto" (Solanum lycopersicum) is a common ingredient in Colombian cuisine. This fruit is commonly attacked for pests that generates losses higher than 30 %. The profuse crop dusting produces a risk for the consumers, for that reason The Colombian Agriculture Institute (ICA) limit the use of agrochemicals. However, the marketed tomato contains traces of endosulfán and 4,4'-DDT that are regulated and prohibited in many countries, including Colombia. Tomato quality is stablished according to the Codex Alimentarius recommendations for pesticides, which studies require sensible, selective and probed methods of analysis. Objectives: To report about the estimated average daily intake (EADI) for pesticides residues in the region. In the present work the QuEChERS methodology was modified and validated, based on the EN15662 procedure for the analysis of the organochlorines and organophosphorus pesticides residues in tomato. Methods: The procedure EN15662 was implemented and validated by means of analytical figures of merit from the calibration curve, accuracy analysis and the Youden-Steiner robustness test, for the simultaneous analysis of organochlorines and organophosphorus pesticides using gas chromatography with micro electron capture detector (GC-µECD) in commercialized tomato samples from an organic store Fruver (marketing of vegetables, fresh fruit and vegetables) and 14 grocery stores, for a total of 16 sample points in Armenia. The EADI was estimated for pesticides residues found. Results: A total of 26 residues of pesticides, 20 organochlorines and 6 organophosphorus were analyzed. In mean level of concentration of the calibration curves, recovery was in the range from 82% ± 5 to 136% ± 15 to 17 organochlorines, and in the range from 64% ± 9 to 96% ± 15 to 5 organophosphorus. Other pesticide residues were outside this range of recovery. Detection limits between 0,5 and 257 µg/L and quantification limits between 1,4 and 779 µg/L for aldrin and diazinon, respectively. Conclusions: The methodology used in our studies proves its robustness for the analysis of pesticides. 4,4'-DDT, endosulfán y metoxicloro were found in the majority of samples analyzed, although they are prohibited in Colombia.

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“…Diversos estudios de monitoreo de jornaleros de invernaderos expuestos laboralmente a plaguicidas, utilizaron variedad de biomarcadores nucleares de exposición, como aberraciones cromosómicas, micronúcleos, intercambio de cromátidas hermanas y el ensayo cometa, encontrando resultados positivos (Costa et al 2006, Peralta et al 2011Gómez-Arroyo et al 2000, así como resultados negativos de la exposición (Lucero et al 2000, Piperakis et al 2003, Lamadrid et al 2011. Las diferencias en los resultados pueden asociarse a extensas fuentes de variabilidad ocasionadas principalmente por el implemento de tecnologías en el invernadero que modifican las condiciones ambientales, el comportamiento de los plaguicidas y la exposición de los jornaleros, en comparación con un sistema de cultivo convencional en el que la degradación o dispersión de vapores de plaguicidas es más rápida por la radiación solar, el aire y la lluvia (Sonneveld y Voogt 2009, Bojacá et al 2013, Wu et al 2013.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Daño Genético Y Citotóxico Provocado Por Plaguicidas en Jornaleros Que Laboran en Invernaderos en Atlixco, Puebla, México

Martínez

Pérez‐Armendáriz

Waliszewski

et al. 2019

Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie.

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The monitoring of genotoxic damage in laborers of greenhouses allows the identification of deterioration of DNA originated by working conditions. It has been suggested the use of different biological markers to evaluate the risk of occupational exposure and DNA damage, one of them is the micronucleus (MN) assay. The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of MN and nuclear abnormalities in the buccal mucosa epithelium of 40 workers of high and low technology greenhouses, who are exposed to diferent kinds of pesticides, and of 40 people not exposed to these compounds, both populations from Atlixco City, in Puebla, Mexico. The samples taken were air-dried and fixed with methanol-acetic acid. Later they were stained by the Feulgen reaction. Nuclear abnormalities were assessed by counting one thousand differentiated basal cells per participant. Comparison of biomarkers frequencies indicates higher values of nuclear abnormalities statistically significant in laborers of greenhouses, whose frequency index ratios were: 63.0 binucleate cells, 14.2 cells with condensed chromatin, 8.0 cariolitic cells, 3.8 cells pycnotic, 2.4 cells with nuclear outbreaks, and 2.3 cells with micronuclei. The highest frequency of nuclear abnormalities was determined in laborers working in low-tech greenhouses compared to high-tech greenhouses. The male population of low-tech greenhouses showed higher frequencies of pycnotic cells, micronuclei, and cells with nuclear outbreaks.

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Evaluation of pesticide residues in open field and greenhouse tomatoes from Colombia

Cited by 73 publications

References 11 publications

Liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and dynamic multiple reaction monitoring method for determining multiple pesticide residues in tomato

Liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and dynamic multiple reaction monitoring method for determining multiple pesticide residues in tomato

RESIDUOS DE PLAGUICIDAS EN TOMATE (Solanum lycopersicum) COMERCIALIZADO EN ARMENIA, COLOMBIA

Daño Genético Y Citotóxico Provocado Por Plaguicidas en Jornaleros Que Laboran en Invernaderos en Atlixco, Puebla, México

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