Evaluation of Pesticide Residues in Saudi Arabia Ground Water

Saeid, Movahedi; Turki, Ahmed M.; Wable, M.I. Al; Nasser, Gamal Abdel

doi:10.3923/rjes.2011.171.178

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…All other VOCs pesticides were ranked < 20th. Diazinon has been detected as the most frequently pesticides found in groundwater in the Jazan watershed [5], also Chloroneb and Pirimphos-methyl have been detected in groundwater in the Jazan watershed [4,6]. These findings support the possibility that VOCs pesticides can leach to groundwater via preferential flow in Jazan watershed, and provide additional evidence of the suitability of the EAF index model to assess leaching potential of VOCs in Jazan watershed.…”

Section: General Ranking Of Leaching Potentialmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…All other pesticides had very low leaching potential under all leaching scenarios in the Jazan watershed (Table 6). Most of the pesticides that showed medium and high leaching potential, based on the EAF index calculations, have been frequently detected in groundwater (e.g., Picloram, Carbofuran, Atrazine, and Methomyl) in Jazan watershed [4,6], which confirms the applicability of the EAF index model to assess leaching potential of pesticides in Jazan watershed. Other pesticides that ranked in the highest 10 leachable pesticides in Jazan watershed but were not (or less frequently) detected in groundwater (e.g., Monocrotophos, 2.4-D, Aldicarb, and Oxamyl) are all characterized by t 1/2 ≤ 30 d, therefore, are subject to faster degradation in soil.…”

Section: General Ranking Of Leaching Potentialmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Unfortunately, in many places in the Jazan region, agricultural practices are characterized by indiscriminate and excessive use of pesticides, which increase the potential risk of groundwater contamination. Residual concentrations of pesticides such as Atrazine, Carbofuran, Chloroneb, DDT, Diazinon, Dimethoat, and Methomyl have been detected in surface and groundwater in Jazan region [4][5][6]. Therefore, assessment of the risk of leaching potential of pesticides is crucial to ensure the safety of groundwater for drinking and agricultural purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the Environmental Risk of Pesticides Leaching at the Watershed Scale under Arid Climatic Conditions and Low Recharge Rates

Ibrahim

Al-Turki

2020

Water

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The assessment of the vulnerability of soil and groundwater resources to pesticide contamination is important to reduce the risk of environmental pollution. The applicability of the expanded attenuation factor (EAF) to assess leaching potential of 30 pesticides was investigated under four recharge rates (0.0003–0.002 m d−1) in the arid environment of the Jazan watershed. EAF results revealed that Picloram, Carbofuran, Monocrotophos, and 2,4-D pesticides showed high leaching potential, mainly because of their low K O C , and relatively longer t 1 / 2 . In addition, medium leaching potential was observed with six more pesticides (Atrazine, Aldicarb, Simazine, Methomyl, Oxamyl, and Lindane). Regardless of the recharge rate, all other pesticides showed a very low leaching potential in the Jazan watershed. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the output of the EAF index is most sensitive to the fraction of organic carbon ( f o c ) , water content at field capacity ( θ F C ) , recharge rate ( q ) , and partition coefficient ( K O C ) , and least sensitive to soil bulk density ( ρ b ) and air-filled porosity ( n a ). The areal extent of areas with larger leaching potential in the Jazan watershed was consistent with soils having f o c < 0.3, θ F C > 10 m3 m−3, and ρ b < 1450 kg m−3, and were mostly associated with the loamy sand soils, followed by the sand and silt loam soils. EAF index model performed well in assessing relative rankings of leaching potential and delineating areas that are more susceptible to pesticide leaching. At the lowest recharge rate, general risk maps showed that the risk of leaching potential was very low for all pesticides in the entire area of the Jazan watershed. On the other hand, under the worst case scenario (0.002 m d−1), only Picloram and Carbofuran showed very high leaching potential in areas that represented 10.8 and 8.2% from the total area of the Jazan watershed, respectively. The information gained from this research can help farmers and decision-makers to implement regulations and best management practices to reduce the risk of environmental pollution, and protect soil and groundwater resources in Jazan watershed.

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Section: General Ranking Of Leaching Potentialmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: General Ranking Of Leaching Potentialmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the Environmental Risk of Pesticides Leaching at the Watershed Scale under Arid Climatic Conditions and Low Recharge Rates

Ibrahim

Al-Turki

2020

Water

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“…In 2009, bendiocarb was detected in Japanese surface waters in concentrations between 0.16 and 5.68 µg/L [24]. In a study, El-Saeid et al [27] selected 15 regions in Central East, North, and South of Saudi Arabia to perform a survey of pesticide residues in groundwater. Analysis of groundwater samples revealed that bendiocarb was present at 0.181 mg/L concentration in water samples from Abha.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological, Developmental, and Biomarker Responses of Zebrafish Embryos to Sub-Lethal Exposure of Bendiocarb

Gazsi

Czimmerer

Ivánovics

et al. 2021

Water

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Bendiocarb is a broad-spectrum insecticide recommended for malaria control by the World Health Organization (WHO). Still, bendiocarb poses a toxic risk to populations of nontargeted aquatic organisms. Thus, our study was aimed to evaluate the sub-lethal effects of bendiocarb exposure on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos by assessing of physiological, developmental, and biochemical parameters. Bendiocarb-induced adverse effects on embryonic development, larval growth, heart rate, changes in phase II detoxifying enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity, oxidative stress-related enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)), and the damage-linked biomarker lipid peroxidation (LPO) in early life stage zebrafish were investigated. Our results highlight that the selected nonlethal concentrations (96 h median lethal concentration in this study was 32.52 mg/L−1) of bendiocarb inflicted adverse effects resulting in embryo deformities (96 h EC50 = 2.30 mg L−1), reduced body- and notochord length (above 0.75 and 0.39 mg L−1 bendiocarb concentrations at 96 hpf, respectively), oxidative stress, and altered heart rate (above 0.4 mg L−1 at 48 hpf) in the studied model system.

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“…In addition to natural sources, groundwater quality could be affected by urbanization, agricultural waste, and land cover. Further, the intensive applications of fertilizers, pesticides, and utilization of wastewater for irrigation as well as leakage from wastewater lagoons, landfill disposal sites, septic tanks and industrial discharge have serious effects on groundwater quality [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Environmentally, domestic wastewater is considered as a major source of pollution to groundwater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Bacteriological Assessment of Groundwater in Tathleeth Region of Asir

Alqahtany

2021

Egypt. J. Chem.

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The current study aims to identify and assess the validity of groundwater in Tathleeth Region of Asir, Saudi Arabia for human and irrigation uses. The efforts, in this work, included a collection of different groundwater samples from Tathleeth area. After collection, the samples were put in appreciate containers, transferred to laboratory and kept for further analysis. The collection, preservation and analysis were done according to the standard methods. Then after, the physico-chemical proprieties of the collected groundwater samples as well as the concentration of different anions and cations were determined. Further, a bacteriological analysis was performed to evaluate the possible use of the groundwater, in this area, for human use. Finally, the obtained results were compared with the allowed limits set by Gulf Standard Specification (GSS).Experimentally, many groundwater samples were collected from different wells, have different depths and distributed throughout the area of study. From all these groundwater samples, only nine samples were selected, to exclude repetition, and subjected to chemical and bacteriological analysis. The physical characteristics including: odor, color, turbidity and conductivity of the collected samples were determined. The values of different chemical parameters as: pH, total dissolved salts (TDS), total hardens, total alkalinity were measured according to the standard methods of analysis. In addition, the concentration of many anions (chloride, fluoride, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia and sulphate) and some major cations (iron, magnesium and calcium) were determined. Finally, a bacteriological analysis for E.coli, and T. coliform were performed for all collected samples.The revealed results showed that pH has values ranged from 7.3 to 8.5 and the electrical conductivity exhibited values between 754 -8944 µS cm -1 while the total dissolved salts between 520 to 6171 mg L -1 . The results demonstrate the validity of certain samples for human uses and the suitability of most of samples for irrigation purposes.

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Evaluation of Pesticide Residues in Saudi Arabia Ground Water

Cited by 36 publications

References 8 publications

Assessment of the Environmental Risk of Pesticides Leaching at the Watershed Scale under Arid Climatic Conditions and Low Recharge Rates

Assessment of the Environmental Risk of Pesticides Leaching at the Watershed Scale under Arid Climatic Conditions and Low Recharge Rates

Physiological, Developmental, and Biomarker Responses of Zebrafish Embryos to Sub-Lethal Exposure of Bendiocarb

Chemical and Bacteriological Assessment of Groundwater in Tathleeth Region of Asir

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