Evaluation of phenol detoxification by Brassica napus hairy roots, using Allium cepa test

Abstract

In the present work, Brassica napus hairy roots (HR) were used for phenol removal assays. The toxicity of post-removal solutions (PRS) and phenol solutions was analyzed. These HR removed the contaminant with high efficiency (100-80% for phenol solutions containing 10-250 mg/L, respectively). Phenol solutions treated with B. napus HR showed a significant reduction of general toxicity compared to untreated phenol solutions, since the IC50 values were 318.39 and 229.02 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, PRS presented lower cytotoxicity and genotoxicity than that found in phenol solutions untreated. The mitotic index (MI) observed in meristematic cells treated with PRS (100 and 250 mg/L of phenol) showed an increase of 35% and 42%, whereas the chromosome aberrations showed a significant decrease. According to these results, B. napus HR cultures could be used for the treatment of solutions contaminated with phenol, since we observed not only high removal efficiency, but also an important reduction of the general toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity.

Removal of Phenol from Synthetic and Industrial Wastewater by Potato Pulp Peroxidases

“…After both 2 and 3 h of reaction, we observed very high efficiencies of phenol removal, reaching 99 %, in reaction mixtures with initial phenol concentrations from 1 to 3 mM. These results are similar to those obtained by González et al ( 2012 ), where phenol at concentrations of 0.1 to 2.65 mM was removed from the solution by hairy roots of Brassica napus with 100–80 % efficiency, respectively. However, our results show higher phenol removal efficiency than that obtained using Raphanus sativus roots (Naghibi et al 2003 ).…”

“…Besides the preparations of purified enzyme (immobilized or free), several peroxidase-producing systems have been considered for use in phenol remediation. Hairy root cultures have been tested for their ability to remove phenol or dichlorophenol (González et al 2006 , 2008 , 2012 ; Singh et al 2006 ; Paisio et al 2010 ; Sosa Alderete et al 2012 ; Jha et al 2013 ). Hairy roots offer an attractive system for this purpose due to their ability to produce large quantities of exudates that are rich in peroxidase and chelating agents.…”

Production of hairy root cultures of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

“…Hairy root also have been used to compare the tolerance and removal of high levels of phenols [13,47]. Also, all regenerants from hairy root showed an increased ability to produce roots [49], which was very helpful in increasing root formation from the lettuce that can be using in phytoremediation process.…”

Peroxidases Application in the Wastewater Treatment

“…Estas raízes oferecem um sistema atraente para esse fim devido à sua capacidade para produzir grandes quantidades de peroxidases. Raízes de tomates -Lycopersicon esculentum, 2-4 de canola -Brassica napus, 47,48 de mostardacastanha ou mostarda-marrom -Brassica juncea 49 e de girassol -Helianthus annuus 50 têm sido utilizadas.…”