Evaluation of phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities from transgenic hairy root cultures of gherkin ( Cucumis anguria L.)

Abstract

a b s t r a c tThe production of secondary metabolites from hairy root cultures of gherkin (Cucumis anguria L.) along with their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were studied. The explants from in vitro seedlings were inoculated with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain KCTC 2703 for the induction of hairy roots. Transgenic clones of hairy roots were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription-PCR using rolC specific primers. Transgenic hairy roots developed in MS liquid medium supplemented with 3% sucrose exhibited the highest accumulation of biomass 98.55 g/l fresh mass (FM) and 10.15 g/l dry mass (DM) were observed at 21 days. Biomass accumulation of hairy root lines was 9.3-fold higher compared to in vitro grown roots. Moreover, transgenic hairy roots effectively produced several phenolic compounds, such as flavonols, hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids derivatives. Due to these metabolic changes, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were increased with hairy roots compared to non-transformed roots. The total phenolics, flavonoids content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were higher in hairy roots compared to non-transformed roots. Our study described the greater potentiality of C. anguria hairy root cultures for the production of important phenolic compounds and uses of their biological activities.

Elicitation Enhanced the Production of Phenolic Compounds and Biological Activities in Hairy Root Cultures of Bitter melon ( Momordica charantia L.)

“…Antibacterial tests were carried out by the NCCLS disc diffusion method was previously described 5,18 . The pathogenic fungi Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium oxysporum were used to test for antifungal activity.…”

“…The pathogenic fungi Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium oxysporum were used to test for antifungal activity. Antifungal tests were carried out by the NCCLS disc diffusion method was previously reported 5,18 . For antibacterial and antifungal activity was expressed as the relative inhibition percentage, and was calculated using the following equation:…”

“…Phenolic compounds, such as flavonols, hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, that have been identified in bitter melon showed better antioxidant activity and pharmacological functions 4 . Plant cell, organ, and hairy root cultures are considered as an alternative for the supply of bioactive pharmaceutical secondary metabolites 5 . Various systems have been demonstrated for the synthesis and production of pharmaceutically important bioactive compounds.…”

Effect of silver nanoparticles on phenolic compounds production and biological activities in hairy root cultures of Cucumis anguria

“…Cucumis anguria L. is a highly nutritious cucurbit vegetable and also contains many potential phytochemicals which are used in traditional medicine for various diseases [21]. Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation has been commonly studied as a strategy for producing hairy root lines with a high-yield of bioactive compounds.…”

An Optimized Protocol for Agrobacterium rhizogenes-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Citrullus colocynthis

“…Moreover, the susceptibility of hypocotyl explants to Agrobacterium infection has mostly been less than that of other explant types. [23][24][25] Nevertheless, there are instances such as Citrullus lanatus which its hypocotyls have showed higher rate of transformation by ACTT 15834 in comparison to its cotyledon and root explants. 21 The highest transformation frequency was obtained with the infection of the excised shoots by MSU440 (60 ± 0.58%; Figure 2) and ACTT 15834 (50 ± 0%), respectively.…”