Evaluation of Plastic and Metal Handcuff-Related Injuries Under Custody in Medical Examinations

Kantarci, Muhammed Nabi; Kandemir, Eyüp; Berber, G. C. M.; Baştürk, Mustafa; Fincancı, Şebnem Korur

doi:10.5336/medsci.2012-28651

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Wali 4 described a case report showing that zip ties can produce rapid and severe ischemic monomelic neuropathy, leading to devastating axonal loss within hours. Meanwhile, Kantarci et al 17 specifically compared the effects of plastic and metal handcuffs and found a statistically significant difference between the injury rate between plastic zip ties and metal handcuff use. In particular, the rate of damage to the epidermis was 46.2% with zip ties and 4.8% with metal handcuffs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One case report showed the large capacity for harm, documenting rapid and severe ischemic monomelic neuropathy, leading to axonal loss within hours. 4 Kantarci et al 17 specifically compared the safety of plastic zip ties to metal ones and found a statistically significantly higher rate of damage to the epidermis with zip ties. There was further a trend toward higher peripheral nerve damage with zip tie use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An additional 3 studies were identified upon hand searching the reference letters of included studies, resulting in a total of 16 studies. [2][3][4][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] There was substantial agreement between the 2 independent reviewers as indicated by a kappa > 0.60 during title and abstract screening, and full-text review.…”

Section: Systematic Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hand and Wrist Injuries Associated With Application of Physical Restraints: A Systematic Review

Khan

Mosa

Clayton

et al. 2022

Hand (New York, N,Y.)

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While handcuffs and zip ties are common methods of physical restraint used by law enforcement, they have been noted to damage soft tissue and bony structures of the hand and wrist. This paper seeks to characterize the safety of physical restraints by summarizing its effects on hand and wrist function and disability. Relevant studies were gathered through an independent double selection and extraction process using 3 electronic databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CINAHL) from database inception to June 19, 2020. A total of 16 studies involving 807 participants were included. Lesion to the superficial branch of the radial nerve was the most commonly reported injury noted in 82% (42/55) of hands examined. A total of 6% (5/77) of examined hands had bony injury, including 3 radial styloid fractures and 2 scaphoid fractures. Both studies on zip ties noted presence of handcuff neuropathy, with 1 case report documenting severe rapidly progressing ischemic monomelic neuropathy. Overall, the use of handcuffs and zip ties is associated with entrapment neuropathies and bony injury to the hand and wrist. Further studies of higher quality evidence are necessary to understand the effects of physical restraint on hand function and disability.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%