Evaluation of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/carbon black composites, manufactured by selective laser sintering

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the viability of processing composites based on poly(vinylidene fluoride) and carbon black (PVDF/CB) applying the selective laser sintering (SLS) process, with equipment constructed in the laboratory. In the first step, the powder particles of PVDF and CB were characterized by scanning electron microscope, particle size distribution, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. In order to evaluate the effect of CB on the morphology, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties, specimens of PVDF/CB composites with different weight fractions (wt%) were manufactured. The addition of conductive CB to the PVDF matrix improves the mechanical properties up to a certain point, with fractions greater than 1.00 wt% of CB resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties of the composite. For the composite with 0.5 wt% of CB the electrical conductivity was around 10 −4 S/cm, representing an increase of approximately 10 orders of magnitude when compared to the neat PVDF (3.41 x 10 −15 S/cm). In addition, increases of 59% for the elastic modulus and 150% for the maximum stress were observed when compared to the corresponding values for neat PVDF.The results obtained in this study demonstrate the potential for the use of PVDF/CB composites as a raw material to produce functional components by the SLS process.

Enhancing the tensile properties of PA6/CNT nanocomposite in selective laser sintering process

“…The mechanical and thermal properties of PA6/clay nanocomposite fabricated with SLS process were studied by Kim and Creasy, [21] who reported that clay nanoparticles increased the viscosity and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite. Analysis of the mechanical properties of nanocomposites produced by 3D printing has been also studied by Guaricela et al [22] and Aktitiz et al [23,24] A review of previous works on the polymer nanocomposites indicated that enhancement of the mechanical properties of nanocomposites fabricated by the SLS process has been recently came into consideration. However, the SLS process has not been used to produce PA6/CNT nanocomposite.…”

“…The mechanical and thermal properties of PA6/clay nanocomposite fabricated with SLS process were studied by Kim and Creasy, [ 21 ] who reported that clay nanoparticles increased the viscosity and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite. Analysis of the mechanical properties of nanocomposites produced by 3D printing has been also studied by Guaricela et al [ 22 ] and Aktitiz et al [ 23,24 ]…”

Selective Laser Sintering for Electrically Conductive Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Composites with Self-Healing Lattice Structures

“…This is because the high shear mixing of traditional processing would destroy the segregated networks. Moreover, compared with other reported SLS-printed conductive composites in literature studies, ,− ,− the conductivity of SLS-printed SWCNTs@PDMS-CANs composites could reach ∼10 –1 S m –1 at a much lower content of ∼0.1 wt %, as listed in Figure (i). This is attributed to the following four reasons: (1) the large aspect ratio and higher electrical properties of SWCNTs; (2) the efficient dispersion of SWCNTs through the liquid-phase deposition and adsorption process under ultrasound; (3) the preservation of 3D segregated networks by SLS quasi-static printing using the SWNCTs-wrapped PDMS-CANs powders; and (4) compared to crystalline nylon, the relatively high viscosity of amorphous PDMS-CANs prevents the SWCNT networks from breaking during melt fusion.…”

Additive manufacturing of smart polymeric composites: Literature review and future perspectives

“…[264] With these characteristics, the most widely utilized smart piezoelectric material is poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), having a simple chemical formula of CH 2 CF 2 and has other attractive properties like good tensile and shear stability, good chemical hindrance, and significant piezoelectricity. [270,271] The piezoelectricity and bio-responsivity of PVDF with graphene oxide (GO) showed an excellent electrically charged scaffold for bone and tissue engineering. [272] Similarly, another functional copolymer of PVDF is trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TFE) nanoparticles, which exist in the β-phase, having high piezoelectric constant and electromechanical activity.…”