Evaluation of polychlorinated biphenyl degradation through refuse from Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinula edodes and Agaricus bisporus production

Abstract

White rot fungi (WRF) are known to have the ability to degrade organic pollutants with a structure similar to lignin. Because of this, the degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) congeners no. 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180 by substrate before fruiting (substrate) and/or after fruiting (SMS) from cultivated mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinula edodes and Agaricus bisporus was examined. The experiment was carried out in four replications for each treatment using a mixture of substrate/SMS and sandy soil with PCBs at a concentration of each congener at 50 and 100 µg kg -1 soil DW. The results indicate that degradation was dependent on substrate/SMS addition, the concentration of PCBs and time of incubation. The efficiency of PCB degradation was generally reduced with the number of chlorine atoms in the structure of congeners: 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 or 180. In all combinations, degradation increased with incubation time. Degradation by SMS was lower in comparison to degradation by a substrate of the same mushroom. The degree of degradation of a single PCB after 12 weeks of incubation for A. bisporus ranged from 31.32 ± 1.52 to 83.91 ± 1.07%, while for P. ostreatus it was between 37.88 ± 2.54 and 78.29 ± 1.41%; for L. edodes it ranged from 17.38 ± 1.06 to 75.30 ± 1.46%. The best average degradation was confirmed for 20% SMS of A. bisporus at 50 µg kg -1 PCB.Ke y wor d s: congener, mycoremediation, spent mushroom substrate, white rot fungi

Investigating PCB degradation by Indigenous Fungal Strains Isolated from the Transformer Oil-Contaminated Site: Degradation Kinetics, Bayesian Network, Artificial Neural Networks, QSAR with DFT, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation

“…Previous studies have shown that native fungal species might be more efficient at degrading and utilizing PCBs than standard species (Sage et al 2014). As noted by Gąsecka et al (2015), A. bisporus could dechlorinate PCB congener over time, for instance, PCB-52 (46-75%), PCB-28 (41-68%), PCB-101 (32-70%), PCB-138 (25-59%), PCB-153 (22-57%), and PCB-180 (17-59%). Furthermore, Périgon et al (2019) have recently provided evidence that five different fungal species demonstrated substantive PCB degradation efficiencies, which varied between 79.86% for Thermothelomyces heterothallica and soared up to 95.91% for Thermoascus crustaceus.…”

“…The level of chlorination of biphenyl rings is not necessarily the limiting factor in fungal-mediated PCB degradation (Federici et al 2012;Mouhamadou et al 2013). Many factors, such as fungal species, initial concentration, incubation duration, and substrate classification, dictate the pace of PCB biodegradation (Kubátová et al 2001;Gąsecka et al 2015).…”

Mycoremediation of PCBs by Pleurotus ostreatus: Possibilities and Prospects

“…An oxygen concentration of 10% inside the substrate combined with 10% CO 2 also had no influence on the degradation potential of P. ostreatus. Monika et al [64] carried out an experiment using a mixture of substrate/SMS and sandy soil with PCBs. The results indicated that degradation was dependent on substrate/SMS addition, the concentration of PCBs, and time of incubation.…”

“…The SMS of P. ostreatus as explained in the previous section, which showed extensive PAH removal activity, is an area worth developing on with respect to PCBs. The SMS of P. ostreatus has been limited to a single study [64] for PCB degradation. This study showed that the differences between PCB degradation by substrate and SMS of P. ostreatus were very weak; hence, they suggested that it is possible to use SMS for the decontamination of PCB polluted soil.…”