Evaluation of Polycladia myrica mediated selenium nanoparticles (PoSeNPS) cytotoxicity against PC-3 cells and antiviral activity against HAV HM175 (Hepatitis A), HSV-2 (Herpes simplex II), and Adenovirus strain 2

Abstract

IntroductionThe trace element selenium is an essential micronutrient for the health of humans, animals, and microbesMany researchers have recently become interested in selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) because of their biocompatibility, bioavailability, and low toxicity. Consequently, selenium nanoparticles are widely used in various biomedical applications and wastewater bioremediation due to their greater bioactivity. Green biosynthesis of nanoparticles is common and preferable nowadays.MethodsIn this work, the selenium nanoparticles were synthesized using the brown seaweed Polycladia myrica aqueous extract and characterized using seven parameters, SEM, TEM, UV spectra, Zeta potential, EDX, X-ray differaction and FTIR, then examined for their cytotoxicity using PC-3 cells and normal mammalian cells from the African green monkey kidney (Vero) were used to test the effectiveness of the produced Polycladia myrica mediated selenium nanoparticles as an anticancer agent and antiviral activity against HAV HM175 (Hepatitis A), HSV-2 (Herpes simplex II), and Adenovirus strain 2.ResultsThe phycosynthesized nanoparticles exhibit antiviral activity (40.25 ± 2.61, 8.64 ± 0.82, and 17.39 ± 1.45%) against HAV-10, Adenovirus, and HSV-2, respectively. The IC50 values of the two cell types human prostate PC-3 and Vero were 123.51 ± 4.07 g/mL and 220.53 ± 6.89 g/ mL, respectively. The maximum inhibitory percent was 86.15 ± 2.31 against PC-3 cells. At the same time, at a concentration of 125 g/mL.DisscusionThis work showed that PoSeNPS have good antiviral activity against HAV-10 virus with an antiviral percent of 40.25%, despite weak antiviral activity against Adenovirus and HSV-2 with antiviral percent (8.64% and 17.39%), respectively. The cytotoxicity effect of these nanoparticles was determined against PC-3 with a maximum inhibitory percent of 80.53%. These nanoparticles have no hazardous effect against normal Vero cells as the viability percent was (78.39% and 49.23%) for Vero cells and PC-3 cells, respectively, at 125 μg/mL.

Polycladia myrica-based delivery of selenium nanoparticles in combination with radiotherapy induces potent in vitro antiviral and in vivo anticancer activities against Ehrlich ascites tumor

“…As previously mentioned in Touliabah, et al, 2022 , P. myrica was first sampled, and then identified. After the samples were cleaned, dried, and powdered, they were stored for further use.…”

“…In order to determine the active groups in P. myrica aqueous extract that are responsible for nanoparticles being phycosynthesized, FTIR (FT/IR-6100 type A) was used with spectra between 4,000 nm -1 and 400 nm -1 . PoSeNPs were synthesized according to Touliabah, et al (2022) ; Abdelhamid et al (2022) . They were detected by UV–Vis Spectrophotometer: Thermo Scientific Evolution TM 300, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, United States of America, in a range of 200–800 nm.…”

“…In a previous study ( Touliabah et al, 2022 ), the PoSeNPs cytotoxicity was examined by using Vero cells extracted from an African green monkey kidney (ATCC, Manassas, VA, United States) and they were provided by the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) was used as a growing medium for such a cell line ( Vijayan et al, 2004 ) through MTT assay ( Mosmann, 1983 ; Gomha et al, 2015 ).…”

“… Makhlof et al (2022) synthesized SeNPs by using Ulva lactuca extract, giving promising results in cancer treatment. Meanwhile, Touliabah et al (2022) synthesized SeNPs by using Polycadia myrica extract, showing promising antiviral and anticancer activities.…”

“…For the first time, this study aims to test the previously synthesized Polycladia myrica SeNPs ( Touliabah, et al, 2022 ) in vitro against HepG2 carcinoma cell lines, in vivo against Ehrlich carcinoma alone, and with radiation laser therapy. This is to investigate the impact of its combined therapy by using Ehrlich carcinoma bearing mice as a tumor model.…”