Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Some Heavy Metals in Soils of Nnpc Oil Depot Aba Metropolis, Abia State, Nigeria

Ogoko, Emeka Chima

doi:10.9790/2402-08532127

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The application of 500 g macerated roots of TD produced the best decontamination effect on the PAH contents of all the oil polluted soil samples evaluated on the first day. The PAH contents of the unpolluted soils in this study, were higher than that reported in the study of Ogoko [22], while the PAH contents of soils within the vicinity of Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) was comparable to those recorded in this present study for Ohaji Egbema. The assessments carried out on the 7th day showed that increasing the quantity of the macerated roots of TD from 250 g to 500 g was insignificant to the decontamination of PAH.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Application of Root Maceration of Common Weeds: T. diversifolia and S. jamaicensis for Phytoremediation of Ohaji Egbema Crude Oil Polluted Soils

Amadi¹,

Agomuo²,

N.A³

et al. 2017

ujas

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This study examined the remediation of crude oil polluted soils obtained from Ohaji Egbema Imo State Nigeria using macerated roots of T. diversifolia (TD) and S. jamaicensis (SJ). The soil pH levels, PAHs (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and TPH (Total petroleum hydrocarbons) contents, and catalase and peroxidase activities were evaluated. Thirty-two polyethene bags containing 300g of soil samples were divided into eight groups of quadruplicates. Group 1 were the unpolluted soil samples (USS), group 2; polluted soil samples (PSS) without remediation, group 3; PSS containing 250g of TD, group 4; PSS containing 500g of TD, group 5; PSS containing 250 g of SJ, group 6; PSS containing 500g of SJ, group 7; PSS containing 250g of the mixture of TD and SJ (1:1) and group 8; PSS containing 500g of the mixture of TD and SJ (1:1). At all experimental periods, the pH of the PSS without remediation was significantly lower than the USS. The 500 g TD completely normalized the altered pH of the PSS on the 4th week, comparable to the results of the 12th week. The PAH (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) levels in the group 5 and 7 on the 1st day were not significantly different from the PAH of the group 2. Group 3, 4, 7, and 8 produced the best PAH lowering effects on the polluted soils on the 8th week, which compared to the results of the 12th week. At all experimental periods, 500g of TD provided the most effective for TPH reduction of the polluted soils. Results for the enzyme activities showed a significantly decreased (p < 0.05) catalase and peroxidase levels of the polluted soils when compared to the USS. Both the 1st day and 1st week recorded similar catalase activities in all groups except group 5, while group 4-8 recorded significantly increased catalase activities from the 4-12th week. For the 1st day, 1st week, and 4th week, increasing the amount of the plants from 250g-500g had no effect on the peroxidase levels of the soils, while a quantity dependent significant increase in peroxidase levels was observed only for group 7 and 8 on the 8th and 12th weeks. The 500g TD produced the most significant restorative effect on the polluted soils. This study has shown the extensive remediation produced by TD on crude oil polluted soils of Ohaji Egbema.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Application of Root Maceration of Common Weeds: T. diversifolia and S. jamaicensis for Phytoremediation of Ohaji Egbema Crude Oil Polluted Soils

Amadi¹,

Agomuo²,

N.A³

et al. 2017

ujas

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“…The TPH content of the soil samples was extracted according to the methods earlier described by some authors [ 36 – 38 ]. 10 g of the soil sample was carefully mixed with 150 mL dichloromethane which was used as the extraction solvent and extracted for 4 hours 30 minutes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the geo-environmental effects of activities of auto-mechanic workships at Alaoji Aba and Elekahia Port Harcourt, Niger Delta, Nigeria

Muze

Opara

Ibe

et al. 2020

Environ Anal Health Toxicol

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Geo-environmental assessment of activities of auto-mechanics at Alaoji Aba and Elekahia Port Harcourt, both in the Niger Delta region, Southern Nigeria were carried out with the main objective of determining the extent of soil contamination arising from anthropogenic activities within mechanic villages (MVs). Geochemical analysis of soil samples from the study area revealed that the concentrations of the trace metals ranged from <1 mg/kg for chromium (Cr) to 1,925 mg/kg for the lead (Pb). Soil analysis for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) across the area revealed concentrations ranging from <0.02 to 1.80 mg/Kg and from <1.00 to 38,327 mg/kg respectively. Elevated levels of the heavy metals and TPH were observed at MV in Alaoji Aba when compared to MV in Elekahia Port Harcourt, and the control sites. These could be attributed to contamination due to the presence of these auto-mechanics in the area for over thirty years. The concentration of Pb and Cd recorded in some sample points were above USEPA (United State Environmental Protection Agency) and the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) permissible limits. Results of PAH analysis showed the presence of naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene, fluorene, benzo(a)anthracene, acenaphthene, methylnaphthalene. Risk assessment analysis showed significant geo-accumulation values for Cd and Pb indicating heavy contamination. The monomial risk factor of the heavy metals in the MVs are in the order Cd >Pb>Cr, while potential ecological risk index analysis showed values indicating very high risk, considerable risk and a moderate risk to the area under study as well as the surrounding environment. These results suggest that the soils from the MVs which represent the mechanic workshops at Alaoji Aba and Elekahia Port Harcourt are considered to be of pollution concern due to elevated Pb and Cd levels. Hence, there is a serious need to regularly monitor the activities of auto-mechanics in the study area.

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“…Previous publications have reported the presence of PAHs in mechanic villages and automobile workshops (Ogoko 2014;Ekanem et al 2019;Muze et al 2020). The six USEPA target PAHs including phenanthrene, fluorene, benzo [α]anthracene, benzo [β]fluoranthene, and benzo[γ]fluoranthene, with concentrations ranging from 0.0184 ± 0.02 to 0.1385 ± 0.2 mg/kg were observed in Abakaliki automechanic village (Obini et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Ecological risk assessment of the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils of the abandoned sections of Orji Mechanic Village, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

et al. 2021

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Background Ecological risk assessment of the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils of the abandoned sections of Orji Mechanic Village, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. The main objective of the study was to determine the levels of soil contamination from polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs) due to anthropogenic events in the mechanic village before reclamation. Results Analysis of soil samples revealed mean PAH levels ranging from 1.22E−02 ± 0.00 to 5.60E−02 ± 0.01 mg/kg, with higher PAH concentrations observed at 0–10 cm compared to other depths. The sum of PAHs (∑PAHs) ranged from 1.58E−01 to 6.71E−01 mg/kg, as the sum of low molecular weight PAHs (∑LPAHs) varied from 7.16E−03 to 1–1.60E−01 mg/kg, while the sum of high molecular weight PAHs (∑HPAHs) ranged from 1.81E−02 to 5.42E−01 mg/kg. The sum of carcinogenic PAHs (∑Carcino-PAHs) varied from 5.39E−01 to 9.74E−02 mg/kg, indicating elevated levels of carcinogens in the sampled soils. Diagnostic ratio, principal component, and correlation analysis of the results revealed that pyrogenic sources were primarily responsible for the observed PAHs owing to the activities of automobile mechanics in the Orji Mechanic Village. Benzo(a)pyrene equivalent (BePeq) of the PAHs indicated high carcinogenic potency for sample A. The total cancer risk was above 1 × 10–6, indicating a greater risk of cancer due to contact with the contaminated soil samples; hence, the result of this study is a serious ecological concern. Conclusion There may be accumulation of these contaminants in the investigated area, which will eventually contaminate the groundwater as well as surface water resources. Remedial measures to prevent possible health problems due to the PAHs which results from the activities of automobile mechanics are therefore recommended.

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Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Some Heavy Metals in Soils of Nnpc Oil Depot Aba Metropolis, Abia State, Nigeria

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Application of Root Maceration of Common Weeds: T. diversifolia and S. jamaicensis for Phytoremediation of Ohaji Egbema Crude Oil Polluted Soils

Application of Root Maceration of Common Weeds: T. diversifolia and S. jamaicensis for Phytoremediation of Ohaji Egbema Crude Oil Polluted Soils

Assessment of the geo-environmental effects of activities of auto-mechanic workships at Alaoji Aba and Elekahia Port Harcourt, Niger Delta, Nigeria

Ecological risk assessment of the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils of the abandoned sections of Orji Mechanic Village, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

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