Evaluation of potential near-term operational changes to mitigate environmental impacts of aviation

Marais, Karen; Reynolds, Tom; Uday, Payuna; Muller, Delri; Lovegren, Jonathan; Dumont, Jean-Marie; Hansman, R. John

doi:10.1177/0954410012454095

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Efforts to mitigate the climate and air quality impacts of aviation emissions have historically focused on technological and operational approaches to improve fuel efficiency (Hileman et al 2008, Marais et al 2013, ICAO 2017, emissions standards (ICAO 2016a 2008), market-based measures to reduce CO 2 emissions (ICAO 2018, World Bank Group 2018), or the use of alternative aviation fuels . However, reductions of one emissions species can come at the cost of increasing emissions of another species, either in absolute terms or by limiting the potential reductions offered by new technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marginal climate and air quality costs of aviation emissions

Grobler

Wolfe

Dasadhikari

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Aviation emissions have been found to cause 5% of global anthropogenic radiative forcing and ∼16 000 premature deaths annually due to impaired air quality. When aiming to reduce these impacts, decision makers often face trade-offs between different emission species or impacts in different times and locations. To inform rational decision-making, this study computes aviation's marginal climate and air quality impacts per tonne of species emitted and accounts for the altitude, location, and chemical composition of emissions. Climate impacts are calculated using a reduced-order climate model, and air quality-related health impacts are quantified using marginal atmospheric sensitivities to emissions from the adjoint of the global chemistry-transport model GEOS-Chem in combination with concentration response functions and the value of statistical life. The results indicate that 90% of the global impacts per unit of fuel burn are attributable to cruise emissions, and that 64% of all damages are the result of air quality impacts. Furthermore, nitrogen oxides (NO x ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and contrails are collectively responsible for 97% of the total impact. Applying our result metrics to an example, we find that a 20% NO x stringency scenario for new aircraft would reduce the net atmospheric impacts by 700 m USD during the first year of operation, even if the NO x emission reductions cause a small increase in CO 2 emissions of 2%. In such a way, the damage metrics can be used to rapidly evaluate the atmospheric impacts of market growth as well as emissions trade-offs of aviation-related policies or technology improvements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marginal climate and air quality costs of aviation emissions

Grobler

Wolfe

Dasadhikari

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…h ≥ 0), the minimum flight path angle is set to zero (γ min ). In addition, with the assumption that T max is selected and that the airspeed is maintained constant, γ max can be determined from Equation (6). Finally, T min can be determined as well from Equation (6), but now assuming level flight at constant speed is maintained.…”

Section: The Trajectory Parameterization Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, a series of projects aiming to develop the aviation sector sustainably have been launched by European and national authorities, including CleanSky [3], the Atlantic Interoperability Initiative to Reduce Emission (AIRE) [4], and the Asia and South Pacific Initiative to Reduce Emission (ASPIRE) [5]. Various strategies have been proposed, such as making new policies and standards, developing advanced aircraft technologies and sustainable alternative fuels, and changing aircraft/airport operational procedures [6]. Among them, the change of aircraft/airport operational procedures may be a potential option in the short-term as it can be adapted more quickly and often at less cost as compared to the In this paper, MOEA/D is considered for the optimal design of aircraft noise abatement departure routes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Application of the MOEA/D Algorithm for Designing Noise Abatement Departure Trajectories

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In an effort to allow to increase the number of aircraft and airport operations while mitigating their negative impacts (e.g., noise and pollutant emission) on near-airport communities, the optimal design of new departure routes with less noise and fuel consumption becomes more important. In this paper, a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D), which recently emerged as a potential method for solving multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs), is developed for this kind of problem. First, to minimize aircraft noise for departure routes while taking into account the interests of various stakeholders, bi-objective optimization problems involving noise and fuel consumption are formulated where both the ground track and vertical profile of a departure route are optimized simultaneously. Second, in order to make the design space of vertical profiles feasible during the optimization process, a trajectory parameterization technique recently proposed is employed. Furthermore, some modifications to MOEA/D that are aimed at significantly reducing the computational cost are also introduced. Two different examples of departure routes at Schiphol Airport in the Netherlands are shown to demonstrate the applicability and reliability of the proposed method. The simulation results reveal that the proposed method is an effective and efficient approach for solving this kind of problem.

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“…In order to support the sustainable development of the aviation industry, more research on these topics is necessary. There are several possible strategies to achieve the objective, for example, adjusting operational procedures at airports, developing new aircraft technologies and using alternative fuels, or setting new rules and regulations (Marais et al, 2013). While new technologies and sustainable fuels may provide a significant reduction in environmental impact, they require more effort and time to develop and implement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While new technologies and sustainable fuels may provide a significant reduction in environmental impact, they require more effort and time to develop and implement. In contrast, despite having smaller mitigation potential, operational changes can be carried out in the short-term period (Marais et al, 2013). As promising options in this category, the design of optimal aircraft routes and the assignment of aircraft to specific runways and routes have been well recognized and have shown promising results over the years (Frair, 1984;Visser, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimization framework for route design and allocation of aircraft to multiple departure routes

Ho-Huu

Hartjes

Visser

et al. 2019

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

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In this article, we present the development of a two-step optimization framework to deal with the design and selection of aircraft departure routes and the allocation of flights among these routes. The aim of the framework is to minimize cumulative noise annoyance and fuel burn. In the first step of the framework, multi-objective trajectory optimization is used to compute and store a set of routes that will serve as inputs in the second step. In the second step, the selection of routes from the set of pre-computed optimal routes and the optimal allocation of flights among these routes are conducted simultaneously.To validate the proposed framework, we also conduct an analysis involving an integrated (one-step) approach, in which both trajectory optimization and route allocation are formulated as a single optimization problem. A comparison of both approaches is then performed, and their advantages and disadvantages are identified. The performance and capabilities of the present framework are demonstrated using a case study at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol in The Netherlands. The numerical results show that the proposed framework can generate solutions which can achieve a reduction in the number of people annoyed of up to 31% and a reduction in fuel consumption of 7.3% relative to the reference case solution.

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Evaluation of potential near-term operational changes to mitigate environmental impacts of aviation

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Marginal climate and air quality costs of aviation emissions

Marginal climate and air quality costs of aviation emissions

An Efficient Application of the MOEA/D Algorithm for Designing Noise Abatement Departure Trajectories

An optimization framework for route design and allocation of aircraft to multiple departure routes

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