Evaluation of Prebiotic and Probiotic Effects on the Intestinal Gut Microbiota and Histology of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

doi:10.4172/2155-9546.s1-009

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Consistent with the previous literature 56 , 57 , Carnobacterium , Aliivibrio and Lactobacillus were among the top probiotic genera isolated from Norwegian and North American samples. Carnobacteria are lactic acid bacteria which dominate fish hindgut by population 58 ; and non-pathogenic strains of Carnobacteria have been previously shown to improve weight gain and disease resistance in farmed Atlantic cod and salmon 25 , 36 , 59 . Similarly, bathing with Aliivibrio strains improves growth and FCR, and reduces mortality in Atlantic salmon 60 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico, in vitro and in vivo characterization of host-associated Latilactobacillus curvatus strains for potential probiotic applications in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Cathers

Mane

Tawari

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Salmon aquaculture is the fastest growing animal protein production system in the world; however, intensive farming leads to poor weight gain, stress, and disease outbreaks. Probiotics offer the potential to enhance growth performance and feed efficiency in Atlantic salmon, as well as immunostimulate fish against common pathogens, benefitting farmers and consumers with more efficient production. Here, we isolated and identified 900 native microbial isolates including 18 Lactobacilli from the farmed salmon intestines. Based on whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, the Lactobacillus candidates belonged to Latilactobacillus curvatus (L. curvatus) species and formed two distinct phylogenetic groups. Using bioinformatics and in vitro analyses, we selected two candidates L. curvatus ATCC PTA-127116 and L. curvatus ATCC PTA-127117, which showed desirable safety and probiotic properties. The two L. curvatus candidates were evaluated for safety and efficacy (higher final weight) in Atlantic salmon alongside spore-forming Bacilli isolated from salmon, poultry, and swine. All the tested candidates were safe to salmon with no adverse effects. While we did not see efficacy in any Bacillus supplemented groups, compared to untreated group, the group administered with the two L. curvatus strains consortium in feed for seven weeks in freshwater showed indicators of improvement in final body weight by 4.2%. Similarly, the two L. curvatus candidates were also evaluated for safety and efficacy in Atlantic salmon in saltwater; the group administered with the two L. curvatus strains consortium in feed for 11 weeks showed indicators of improvement in final body weight by 4.7%. Comprehensive metabolomics analyses in the presence of different prebiotics and/or additives identified galactooligosaccharide as a potential prebiotic to enhance the efficacy of two L. curvatus candidates. All together, these data provide comprehensive genomic, phenotypic and metabolomic evidence of safety and desirable probiotic properties as well as indicators of in vivo efficacy of two novel endogenous L. curvatus candidates for potential probiotic applications in Atlantic salmon. The in vivo findings need to be confirmed in larger performance studies, including field trials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico, in vitro and in vivo characterization of host-associated Latilactobacillus curvatus strains for potential probiotic applications in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Cathers

Mane

Tawari

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Ex vivo approaches based on explants culture proved to be useful to analyse pro-in ammatory responses [12]. In sh, several works have been attempted to evaluate the pathogen-host [44], especially by the intestinal sack method [3,[7][8][9]. In the present work, signi cant differences were clearly observed with incubations of the intestine explants of 6 h, and these experimental conditions showed to preserve tissue integrity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Intestinal Explant Cultures from Gilthead Seabream (Sparus Aurata, L.) Allowed Determining the Mucosal Sensitivity to Bacterial Pathogens and the Impact of a Plant Protein Diet

Peñaranda

Bäuerl

Tomás‐Vidal

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundAlthough high levels of fish meal replacement by alternative protein sources have been achieved without relevant alterations in terms of growth performance, negative effects on immune status were detected. The diet and fish immunity interactions at gut level have been widely discussed, although in vivo approaches have reported several limitations. In this sense, intestine explant culture system can be a valuable complementary tool to study the interactions between pathogenic bacteria and fish gut response, and the possible influence of environmental, breeding, rearing conditions or dietary components on the responsiveness of the innate immune system in fish.The object of this study was to test the impact of total substitution of fish meal by plant protein on the intestinal health of seabream (12g) in two growth stages: phase I (90 days), up to 68 g, and phase II (305 days), up to 250g. In phase II, the effects of the long term and short exposure (15 days) to plant protein diet were determined. In order to determine the effect of plant protein feeding on the innate immune response to bacterial pathogens, and an ex vivo procedure of intestine explants culture was implemented.ResultsFish showed less tolerance to dietary plant protein in phase I than in phase II, while the ex vivo assays indicated that the intestine from fish fed at short-term plant diets showed a higher immune response than at long term feeding.In relation to the immune response to bacterial challenge, a significant expression in pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 after 6 hours of exposure to V. algynoliticus, while COX-2 expression was significantly induced by P. damselae subsp. pisicida, showing positive high correlation between them.ConclusionsA differential health status was observed depending of growth stage, being stricter to the plant protein inclusion the younger fish. The new experimental system based on fish intestinal explants culture has been successfully implemented, becoming an effective methodology for ex vivo studies. Under ex vivo conditions, the bacterial challenge induced inflammatory and immune intestinal response, responding stronger those intestine of fish fed during a short-term with a total substitution of fish meal.

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“…Histological slides presented no morphological changes related to the control feeding treatment (Figure 4). The crypt structure was intact, all of the intestinal sections appeared normal and healthy when examined; no signs of detachment and necrosis in enterocytes, widening in lamina propria or necrosis were observed (Kristiansen et al, 2011). No evidence of mucosal damage, necrosis, granuloma or malignancy were found in the intestinal sections examined (Figure 5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic and Functional Characterization of Enterococcus mundtii QAUEM2808, Isolated From Artisanal Fermented Milk Product Dahi

et al. 2019

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Microbial strains with a unique combination of technological and bioactive properties are preferred for industrial applications. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential use of Enterococcus mundtii QAUEM2808 (NCBI Accession Number: LSMC00000000 ) in milk fermentation. This strain was isolated from Dahi, an indigenous fermented milk product of South-East Asia. The in vitro study confirmed the acidification ability as well as the proteolytic, cellulolytic, and amylolytic enzyme activities of this strain. It also produced a substantial amount of the folate in laboratory media and no physiological dysfunctions in laboratory animals was observed in feeding trials. All these properties were confirmed by in silico genome analysis. The Enterococcus mundtii QAUEM2808 genome consisted of a single, circular chromosome comprising 2,957,300-bp, 2,587 genes with GC content of 38.5%. Moreover, 16t RNAs, 1, 3 (16S, 23S) rRNAs, 4 ncRNAs, and 91 pseudo genes were also predicted. The majority of genome encode genes for protein, amino acids, carbohydrate, cell wall DNA and RNA metabolisms including all genes required for conversion of lactose to lactic acid. It also exhibited antimicrobial activity against E. coli ATCC 10536, S. aureus ATCC 6538, P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027, and L. monocytogenes ATCC 13932 and was found to be sensitive to commonly used antibiotics. The in silico analysis revealed the presence of genes for mundaticin and enterocin production, and CRISPER regions, however, the genes for antibiotic resistance were absent. No genes related to the pathogenicity island and prophages were detected by genome mining. Therefore, it could be inferened that Enterococcus mundtii QAUEM2808 has the potential to be used in milk fermentation as adjunct culture.

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Evaluation of Prebiotic and Probiotic Effects on the Intestinal Gut Microbiota and Histology of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Cited by 24 publications

References 41 publications

In silico, in vitro and in vivo characterization of host-associated Latilactobacillus curvatus strains for potential probiotic applications in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

In silico, in vitro and in vivo characterization of host-associated Latilactobacillus curvatus strains for potential probiotic applications in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Intestinal Explant Cultures from Gilthead Seabream (Sparus Aurata, L.) Allowed Determining the Mucosal Sensitivity to Bacterial Pathogens and the Impact of a Plant Protein Diet

Genomic and Functional Characterization of Enterococcus mundtii QAUEM2808, Isolated From Artisanal Fermented Milk Product Dahi

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