Evaluation of Prostate Cancer with <sup>11</sup>C-Acetate PET/CT

Spick, Claudio; Herrmann, Ken; Czernin, Johannes

doi:10.2967/jnumed.115.169599

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Not only is 11 C-acetate overexpressed in certain types of cancers such as prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma, but it may also be useful in the detection of tumor recurrence. 11,12 Due to the novelty of 11 C-acetate, limited information is available on its prognostic value, but it is predicted to be an emerging imaging tool in the field of oncology. 11 Oxygen-enhanced MRI is an alternative approach in noninvasive imaging.…”

Section: Methods Of Detecting Tumor Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming tumor hypoxia as a barrier to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cancer treatment

Graham

Unger

2018

IJN

477

382

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hypoxia exists to some degree in most solid tumors due to inadequate oxygen delivery of the abnormal vasculature which cannot meet the demands of the rapidly proliferating cancer cells. The levels of oxygenation within the same tumor are highly variable from one area to another and can change over time. Tumor hypoxia is an important impediment to effective cancer therapy. In radiotherapy, the primary mechanism is the creation of reactive oxygen species; hypoxic tumors are therefore radiation resistant. A number of chemotherapeutic drugs have been shown to be less effective when exposed to a hypoxic environment which can lead to further disease progression. Hypoxia is also a potent barrier to effective immunotherapy in cancer treatment. Because of the recognition of hypoxia as an important barrier to cancer treatment, a variety of approaches have been undertaken to overcome or reverse tumor hypoxia. Such approaches have included breathing hyperbaric oxygen, artificial hemoglobins, allosteric hemoglobin modifiers, hypoxia activated prodrugs and fluorocarbons (FCs). These approaches have largely failed due to limited efficacy and/or adverse side effects. Oxygen therapeutics, based on liquid FCs, can potentially increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood to reverse tumor hypoxia. Currently, at least two drugs are in clinical trials to reverse tumor hypoxia; one of these is designed to improve permeability of oxygen into the tumor tissue and the other is based upon a low boiling point FC that transports higher amounts of oxygen per gram than previously tested FCs.

show abstract

Section: Methods Of Detecting Tumor Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming tumor hypoxia as a barrier to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cancer treatment

Graham

Unger

2018

IJN

477

382

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One approach to this requirement is focusing on the quantification of the uptake of radiolabeled acetate ([ 11 C]-acetate) using positron emission tomography (PET). Acetate, as an important intermediary substrate, is the main carbon source for fatty acid and lipid synthesis [7]. The intracellular fate of acetate is diverse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Flux as a Measure of Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness: [¹¹C]-Acetate PET/CT

Regula¹,

Honarvar²,

Lubberink³

et al. 2020

Int. J. Med. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: Dynamic [ 11 C]-acetate positron emission tomography (PET) can be used to study tissue perfusion and carbon flux simultaneously. In this study, the feasibility of the quantification of prostate cancer aggressiveness using parametric methods assessing [ 11 C]-acetate kinetics was investigated in prostate cancer subjects. The underlying uptake mechanism correlated with [ 11 C]-acetate influx and efflux measured in real-time in vitro in cell culture. Methods: Twenty-one patients with newly diagnosed low-to-moderate risk prostate cancer underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dynamic [ 11 C]-acetate PET/CT examinations of the pelvis. Parametric images of K1 (extraction × perfusion), k2 (oxidative metabolism) and VT (=K1/k2, anabolic metabolism defined as carbon retention) were constructed using a one-tissue compartment model with an arterial input function derived from pelvic arteries. Regions of interest (ROIs) of the largest cancer lesion in each patient and normal prostate tissue were drawn using information from MRI (T2 and DWI images), biopsy results, and post-surgical histopathology of whole prostate sections (n=7). In vitro kinetics of [ 11 C]-acetate were studied on DU145 and PC3 cell lines using LigandTracer ® White equipment for the measurement of the radioactivity uptake in real-time at 37°C. Results: Mean prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 8.33±3.92 ng/mL and median Gleason Sum 6 (range 5-7). K1, VT and standardized uptake values (SUVs) were significantly higher in cancerous prostate tissues compared to normal ones for all patients (p<0.001), while k2 was not (p=0.26). PSA values correlated to early SUVs (r=0.50, p=0.02) and K1 (r=0.48, p=0.03). Early and late SUVs correlated to VT (r>0.76, p<0.001) and K1 (r>0.64, p<0.005). In vitro studies demonstrated higher extraction and retention (p<0.01) of [ 11 C]-acetate in the more aggressive PC3 cells. Conclusion: Parametric images could be used to visualize the [ 11 C]-acetate kinetics of the prostate cancer exhibiting elevated extraction associated with the cancer aggressiveness. The influx rate of [ 11 C]-acetate studied in cell culture also showed dependence on the cancer aggressiveness associated with elevated lipogenesis. Dynamic [ 11 C]-acetate/PET demonstrated potential for prostate cancer aggressiveness estimation using parametric-based K1 and VT values.

show abstract

“…Non-invasive metabolic imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) with the labeled lipid precursor 11 C-acetate may identify prostate tumors with a high rate of de-novo lipogenesis. 7 In addition, sequencing approaches using liquid biopsies can inform non-invasively on alterations in oncogene and tumor suppressors that drive addictions on lipid metabolism [e.g., overexpression of the oncogene c-MYC or loss of the tumor suppressor Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)]. 8,9 Metabolic profiling in the serum may also be a non-invasive biomarker reflective of intra-tumor metabolic activities (Figure 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

When fat goes down, prostate cancer is on the ropes

Zadra

Loda

2019

Molecular & Cellular Oncology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Evaluation of Prostate Cancer with ¹¹C-Acetate PET/CT

Cited by 41 publications

References 48 publications

Overcoming tumor hypoxia as a barrier to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cancer treatment

Overcoming tumor hypoxia as a barrier to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cancer treatment

Carbon Flux as a Measure of Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness: [¹¹C]-Acetate PET/CT

When fat goes down, prostate cancer is on the ropes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Evaluation of Prostate Cancer with 11C-Acetate PET/CT

Cited by 41 publications

References 48 publications

Overcoming tumor hypoxia as a barrier to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cancer treatment

Overcoming tumor hypoxia as a barrier to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cancer treatment

Carbon Flux as a Measure of Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness: [11C]-Acetate PET/CT

When fat goes down, prostate cancer is on the ropes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Evaluation of Prostate Cancer with ¹¹C-Acetate PET/CT

Carbon Flux as a Measure of Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness: [¹¹C]-Acetate PET/CT