Evaluation of protection against virulent bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 in calves that had maternal antibodies and were vaccinated with a modified-live vaccine

Zimmerman, Alicia D.; Boots, Robert; Valli, Jennifer L.; Chase, Christopher

doi:10.2460/javma.228.11.1757

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The most widely documented are epitope masking, phagocytosis and elimination of vaccine antigen-maternal antibody complexes, neutralization of vaccines by maternal antibodies, anti-idiotypic antibodies, and downregulation of antigen-specific B lymphocytes by Fc g receptor II. Various strategies have been tested to overcome suppression by maternal antibodies, such as use of a higher dose of antigen (58); different routes (prime/boost) of immunization (54,59,60); novel adjuvants, including use of TLR 3 and 9 (37,54,(61)(62)(63)(64) or less attenuated organisms (60,65); DNA vaccines (66); or repeated administration of vaccine at regular intervals, as performed in dogs and cats.…”

Section: Suppressive Effects Of Maternal (Passive) Antibodies On Immumentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Design and Application of Enteric Viral Vaccines

Chattha

Roth

Saif

2015

Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci.

119

117

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Enteric viral infections in domestic animals cause significant economic losses. The recent emergence of virulent enteric coronaviruses [porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)] in North America and Asia, for which no vaccines are available, remains a challenge for the global swine industry. Vaccination strategies against rotavirus and coronavirus (transmissible gastroenteritis virus) infections are reviewed. These vaccination principles are applicable against emerging enteric infections such as PEDV. Maternal vaccines to induce lactogenic immunity, and their transmission to suckling neonates via colostrum and milk, are critical for early passive protection. Subsequently, in weaned animals, oral vaccines incorporating novel mucosal adjuvants (e.g., vitamin A, probiotics) may provide active protection when maternal immunity wanes. Understanding intestinal and systemic immune responses to experimental rotavirus and transmissible gastroenteritis virus vaccines and infection in pigs provides a basis and model for the development of safe and effective vaccines for young animals and children against established and emerging enteric infections.

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Section: Suppressive Effects Of Maternal (Passive) Antibodies On Immumentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Design and Application of Enteric Viral Vaccines

Chattha

Roth

Saif

2015

Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci.

119

117

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“…However, the relationships between antibody titer and the efficacy of vaccination for Akabane disease are unknown. It is possible that a low titer does not influence the efficacy of the vaccine [15,25]. If this is the case, vaccination could be used at a younger age than at the time of maternal antibody decay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duration of Maternally Derived Antibodies against Akabane Virus in Calves: Survival Analysis

et al. 2009

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ABSTRACT. To prevent encephalomyelitis caused by Akabane virus, as observed in 2006, vaccination of calves is one of the most effective prophylactic measures. For vaccination of calves, the duration of the maternal antibodies need to be considered because these antibodies are an obstacle to the effectiveness of the vaccine. In order to estimate the age of antibody decay in calves and to find factors influencing the duration of passive immunity, we conducted survival analysis using data from nationwide sentinel surveillance for Akabane disease. The accelerated failure time model based on the presence of interval censored data was used. The best fit model with a log-logistic distribution indicated that the maternal antibodies of beef calves last 1.11 times longer (95% confidence interval [CI]=1.06-1.16) than those of dairy calves. Calves in the western part of Japan and on Kyushu island, Japan, maintained the maternal antibodies 1.17 times (95% CI=1.11-1.23 and 1.10-1.24, respectively) longer than those in the eastern part of Japan. The ages at which beef calves in the eastern part of Japan, western part of Japan and Kyushu loose the antibodies, with 90% probability, were estimated to be 4.1, 4.8 and 4.8 months, respectively, while the ages were 3.7, 4.3 and 4.3 months for dairy calves in the same regions. The duration of maternal immunity to Akabane virus was different for different types of cattle and among different regions. These differences need to be taken into account when a vaccination strategy is adopted for preventing epizootic encephalomyelitis in the future.KEY WORDS: AFT model, akabane virus, maternal antibody, survival analysis.

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“…With preweaned respiratory disease problems, the emphasis is placed on vaccination of the adult cows and an effective colostrum feeding program. As more and more is learned about the effectiveness of vaccinating calves for respiratory pathogens in the face of maternal immunity, vaccination of preweaned calves may become more common [41]. Where colostral immunity is consistently good, most dairy heifers have the first modified live virus vaccines at 3 or 4 months of age.…”

Section: Solving Respiratory Disease Problems Of Calves and Heifersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease Management of Dairy Calves and Heifers

McGuirk

2008

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice

443

501

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This article focuses on the most important diseases of dairy calves and heifers and presents clinical approaches that can improve detection, diagnosis, and treatment of herd-based problems. A systematic herd investigation strategy is pivotal to define the problems, understand important risk factors, develop a plan, and make recommendations for disease management accurately. A review of records, colostrum and feeding routines, housing and bedding management, routine procedures, vaccination, and treatment protocols begins the investigation and determines which diagnostic procedures and testing strategies are most useful. Disease management is most effective when the problem source is well defined and the exposure can be limited, calf immunity can be enhanced, or a combination of both. Screening examinations performed regularly or done at strategic time points improves detection of disease, can be used to monitor treatment outcomes, and can avoid disease outbreaks.

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Evaluation of protection against virulent bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 in calves that had maternal antibodies and were vaccinated with a modified-live vaccine

Cited by 37 publications

References 19 publications

Strategies for Design and Application of Enteric Viral Vaccines

Strategies for Design and Application of Enteric Viral Vaccines

Duration of Maternally Derived Antibodies against Akabane Virus in Calves: Survival Analysis

Disease Management of Dairy Calves and Heifers

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