Evaluation of published kinetic models for tert-amyl ethyl ether synthesis

Bozga, Grigore; Motelica, A.; Dima, Romulus; Pleșu, Valentin; Toma, Aurelian; Simion, Constantin

doi:10.1016/j.cep.2007.12.002

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Several kinetic studies have been focused so far on the syntheses of tertiary ethers using IER as catalysts , . Adsorption thermodynamic properties of compounds on IER are usually determined from kinetic experiments by nonlinear regression by assuming a certain kinetic model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of C₁–C₄ Alcohols, C₄–C₅ Isoolefins, and their Corresponding Ethers over Amberlyst™35

et al. 2017

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An experimental liquid‐ and gas‐phase adsorption study of C1–C4 alcohols, C4–C5 isoolefins, and the tert‐alkyl ethers obtained thereof over Amberlyst™35 is presented. Liquid‐phase adsorption experiments were performed in a batch adsorber and gas‐phase adsorption experiments were carried out in a packed‐bed adsorber in a defined temperature range. Adsorption entropy and enthalpy were determined from adsorption equilibrium constants of each tracer in both liquid and gas phase. Adsorption equilibrium constants of alcohols were found to be larger than those of isoolefins and ethers. The moment technique was used to estimate micro‐ and macropore effective diffusion coefficients of the involved species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of C₁–C₄ Alcohols, C₄–C₅ Isoolefins, and their Corresponding Ethers over Amberlyst™35

et al. 2017

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“…Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of MTBE (Gómez et al, 1997;Iborra et al, 2002;Izquierdo et al, 1994) and TAME (Krause and Hammarström, 1987;Mao et al, 2008;Muja et al, 2005;Rihko and Krause, 1995;Rihko et al, 1997;Serdá et al, 1995;Solà et al, 1997;Syed et al, 2000) production reactions are available in literature, and also the influence of mass transfer effects (Pääkkönen and Krause, 2003). Similarly, kinetics of ETBE (Fité et al, 1994;Franç oisse and Thyrion, 1991;Iborra et al, 2002;Izquierdo et al, 1994;González, 2011;Solà et al, 1995;Vila et al, 1993) and TAEE (Aiouache and Goto, 2003;Boonthamtirawuti et al, 2009;Bozga et al, 2008;Cruz et al, 2007;Linnekoski et al, 1997;Oktar et al, 1999b;Zhang et al, 1997) formation reactions have been widely studied for the isolated systems in previous works. Activation energies and kinetic constants values have been published, concluding that a Rideal-Eley mechanism fits better for the liquid phase ETBE synthesis from IB and EtOH and that a Langmuir-Hinshelwood model describes better the liquid phase reaction between IA and EtOH to produce TAEE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equilibrium of the simultaneous etherification of isobutene and isoamylenes with ethanol in liquid-phase

Fité

Ramírez

Cunill

2014

Chemical Engineering Research and Design

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ARTICLE IN PRESS CHERD-1418; No. of Pages 13 chemical engineering research and design x x x ( 2 0 1 3 ) xxx-xxx ethyl tert-butyl ether formation, tert-amyl ethyl ether formation from isoamylenes (2-methyl-1-butene and 2-methyl-2-butene) and isomerization reaction between both isoamylenes. Equilibrium data were obtained in a batchwise IntroductionIn order to reduce hazardous and evaporative gasoline exhausts and from refueling emissions, as well as their environmental impact at the time that engines energetic efficiency is enhanced, new legislation and major efforts have been devoted to fuel reformulation. The European Directive 2009/28/EC promotes the usage of combustibles from renewable resources, such as bioethanol, and the directive 2009/30/EC establishes the main guidelines related to fuel reformulation.As it is well known, olefins of the C 5 fraction from oil, mainly the reactive isoamylenes (IA) 2-methyl-1-butene (2M1B) and 2-methyl-2-butene (2M2B), present some disadvantages as components of a gasoline, particularly in tropical zones. This is because these are the olefins with the highest * Corresponding author. Tel.: +34 934034769; fax: +34 934021291. E-mail addresses: rsotolop7@alumnes.ub.edu (R. Soto), fite@ub.edu (C. Fité), eliana.ramirez-rangel@ub.edu (E. Ramírez), rogerbringue@ub.edu (R. Bringué), fcunill@ub.edu (F. Cunill).Received 25 Reid vapor pressure (RVP), the highest atmospheric reactivity, the highest potential of tropospheric ozone formation (around 90%) and these are the largest amount of the olefins present in a gasoline (above 25 wt.% of the C 5 fraction from fluid catalytic cracking, FCC) (Rock et al., 1992). Thus, to diminish the impact of their use as fuel components on the environment, the reduction of the content of these compounds by means of either its etherification with primary alcohols or via oligomerization would result in a more suitable alternative than the reduction of the total olefin content of a gasoline. Oxygenated compounds have been gradually gaining importance in the gasoline market since lead compounds were banned as octane enhancers. The two main types of oxygenates used as high octane additives are alcohols and ethers. Among alcohols, the most widely used is ethanol (EtOH), whereas the main tertiary ethers are methyl tert-buty ether

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“…The influence of the reaction medium on etherification reactions was also studied [7,[11][12][13][14], and adsorption equilibrium and also kinetic parameters were estimated [15]. More recently, reviews on ETBE [16] and TAEE [17] isolated syntheses gathered the main progresses and the future prospects for the synthesis of these ethers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic modeling of the simultaneous etherification of ethanol with C4 and C5 olefins over Amberlyst™ 35 using model averaging

Fité

Ramírez

Bringué

et al. 2017

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Graphical abstract Highlights Model averaging provides the kinetic model taking into account model uncertainty  ETBE is formed faster than TAEE in the simultaneous etherification  Reactions mechanism is deduced from the proposed kinetic model  Active sites are mainly occupied by adsorbed ethanol, ETBE and TAEE  Two active sites participate in etherification reactions, and one in isomerization AbstractA kinetic study on the simultaneous liquid-phase etherification of ethanol with isobutene (IB), 2-methyl-1-butene (2M1B) and 2-methyl-2-butene (2M2B) catalyzed by Amberlyst™ 35 to form ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) and tert-amyl ethyl ether (TAEE) is presented. Isothermal experimental runs were carried out in a stirred tank batch reactor in the temperature range 323-353 K at 2.0 MPa, starting from different initial concentrations. Obtained reaction rates were free of catalyst load, internal, and external mass transfer effects. Mathematical fitting of a series 2 of systematically originated models, model selection, and model averaging procedures were applied to find the best model and to draw conclusions about the reaction mechanism. The selected model involves a saturated catalytic surface with the participation of two active sites in etherification reactions and one active site in isoamylenes isomerization. Apparent activation energies for ETBE formation from IB and EtOH, TAEE formation from 2M1B and EtOH, TAEE formation from 2M2B and EtOH, and double bond isomerization between 2M1B and 2M2B were 72.8±1.4, 74.9±2.8, 81.2±2.2 and, 76.5±7.2 kJ/mol, respectively. The alkenes with the double bond in terminal position were more reactive towards EtOH than 2M2B, with the double bond in internal position.

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Evaluation of published kinetic models for tert-amyl ethyl ether synthesis

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Adsorption of C₁–C₄ Alcohols, C₄–C₅ Isoolefins, and their Corresponding Ethers over Amberlyst™35

Adsorption of C₁–C₄ Alcohols, C₄–C₅ Isoolefins, and their Corresponding Ethers over Amberlyst™35

Equilibrium of the simultaneous etherification of isobutene and isoamylenes with ethanol in liquid-phase

Kinetic modeling of the simultaneous etherification of ethanol with C4 and C5 olefins over Amberlyst™ 35 using model averaging

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Evaluation of published kinetic models for tert-amyl ethyl ether synthesis

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Adsorption of C1–C4 Alcohols, C4–C5 Isoolefins, and their Corresponding Ethers over Amberlyst™35

Adsorption of C1–C4 Alcohols, C4–C5 Isoolefins, and their Corresponding Ethers over Amberlyst™35

Equilibrium of the simultaneous etherification of isobutene and isoamylenes with ethanol in liquid-phase

Kinetic modeling of the simultaneous etherification of ethanol with C4 and C5 olefins over Amberlyst™ 35 using model averaging

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Adsorption of C₁–C₄ Alcohols, C₄–C₅ Isoolefins, and their Corresponding Ethers over Amberlyst™35

Adsorption of C₁–C₄ Alcohols, C₄–C₅ Isoolefins, and their Corresponding Ethers over Amberlyst™35