Evaluation of regional heavy metal deposition by multivariate analysis of element contents in pine tree barks

Huhn, Gernot; Schulz, Horst; Stark, H.; Tölle, Rainer; Schüürmann, Gerrit

doi:10.1007/bf00475349

Cited by 82 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Heavy metal concentrations of the barks were generally found to correlate very well with the heavy metal deposition (Huhn et al 1995, Schulz et al 1999. We found high total metal concentrations in the soil beneath the tree sample were generally followed by high metal levels in the outer bark at both sites (see Table 1 and Fig.…”

Section: Relationship Between the Total Metals In Soils And Barkssupporting

confidence: 51%

Heavy metals in bark of Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) as an indicator of atmospheric deposition near a smeltery at Qujiang, China

et al. 2006

Env Sci Poll Res Int

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Levels of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni and Pb at Qujiang, both in the inner and the outer bark, were statistically higher than those at Dinghushan. Higher concentrations of Pb, Fe, Zn and Cu may come from the stem-flow of elements leached from the canopy, soil splash on the 1.5 m height and sorption of metals in the mosses and lichens growing on the bark, which were direct or indirect results from the atmospheric deposition. Levels of heavy metals in the outer barks were associated well with the metal concentrations in the soil, reflecting the close relationships between the metal atmospheric deposition and their accumulation in the outer bark of Masson pine. The significant (p<0.01) correlations of FeCu, Fe-Cr, Fe-Pb, Fe-Ni, Pb-Ni, and Pb-Zn in the outer barks at Qujiang again suggested a common source for the metals. The correlation only occurred between Pb and Ni, Cd and Co in the outer barks at Dinghushan, which suggested that those metals must possibly have other uncommon sources. Conclusions. Atmospheric deposition of the selected metals was great at Qujiang, based on the levels in the bark of Pinus massoniana and on the concentrations in the soils beneath the trees compared with that at Dinghushan. Bark of Pinus massoniana, especially the outer bark, was an indicator of metal loading at least at the time of sampling. Recommendations and Perspectives. The results from this study and the techniques employed constituted a new contribution to the development of biogeochemical methods for environmental monitoring particularly in areas with high frequency of pollution in China. The method would be of value for follow up studies aimed at the assessment of industrial pollution in other areas similar with the Pearl River Delta. AbstractGoal, Scope and Background. Rapid urbanization and the expansion of industrial activities in the past several decades have led to large increases in emissions of pollutants in the Pearl River Delta of south China. Recent reports have suggested that industrial emission is a major factor contributing to the damages in current natural ecosystem in the Delta area. Tree barks have been used successfully to monitor the levels of atmospheric metal deposition in many areas, but rarely in China. This study aimed at determining whether atmospheric heavy metal deposition from a PbZn smeltery at Qujiang, Guangdong province, could be accurately reflected both in the inner bark and the outer bark of Masson pine (Pinus massoniana L.). The impact of the emission from smeltery on the soils beneath the trees and the relationships of the concentrations between the soils and the barks were also analyzed. Methods.Barks around the bole of Pinus massoniana from a pine forest near a Pb-Zn smeltery at Qujiang and a reference forest at Dinghushan natural reserve were sampled with a stainless knife at an average height of 1.5 m above the ground. Mosses and lichens on the surface barks were cleaned prior to sampling. The samples were carefully divided into the inner bark (living part) and the outer bark (dead part) in ...

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Section: Relationship Between the Total Metals In Soils And Barkssupporting

confidence: 51%

Heavy metals in bark of Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) as an indicator of atmospheric deposition near a smeltery at Qujiang, China

et al. 2006

Env Sci Poll Res Int

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“…Multivariate statistics have been used to manage the results of environmental studies, at small or large scales (Kovacheva et al, 2000). It has been successfully applied by many authors in biomonitoring studies concerning urban areas (Huhn et al, 1995;De Miguel et al, 1997;Einax and Soldt, 1999;Carlon et al, 2001), near industrial areas (Davies, 1997), as well as in studying metal behaviour patterns of plant-soil system (Barona and Romero, 1997). Factor analysis is a technique where a complex data set is simplified by creating one or more new factors each representing a group of interrelated variables within the data set (Davies, 1997;Morselli et al, 2002;García-Díaz and Méndez-Romero, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Heavy Metals Content in N. OleanderLeaves As Urban Pollution Assessment

Mingorance

Oliva

2006

Environ Monit Assess

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Nerium oleander L. (Oleander) leaves grown in Palermo city (Sicily, Italy) were collected from six sampling sites representing either areas of high traffic and urbanisation density or areas far away from traffic (e.g. city gardens). Concentration of Al, Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, and Zn were determined in leaf samples during two years. Multivariate analysis classified the sampling sites in four groups based on the metal content in vegetal leaves in agreement with traffic and human activity site. Many elements studied (Al, Ba, Fe, Mn Mg) arise from the soil composition and others such as Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn as pollutant of the soil. On the other hand, about 30% of Al, Fe Cr, Cu and Pb originate from aerial deposition on leaves. Although the results presented should be handled with caution N. oleander can be considered as a means of assessing dust contamination in the urban environment.

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“…Numerous different bio-indicators are used in monitoring air pollution, such as mosses, lichens, vascular plants, woody plants, etc. Both the broadleaves and coniferous trees are used in air pollution studies (Löstschert and Köhm, 1978;Grodzinka, 1982;Huhn et al, 1995;Lippo et al, 1995;Adeniyi, 1996). The aim of this work is to determine the pollution levels (concentrations) of Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr in the atmosphere of Tehran city using pine tree (Pinus Eldarica Medw.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pine (Pinus Eldarica Medw.) needles as indicator for heavy metals pollution

Kord

Mataji

Babaie

2009

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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ABSTRACT:In this study, the pine tree (Pinus Eldarica Medw.) needles were evaluated as the biomonitors of heavy metal contamination in Tehran, Iran. The pine needle samples supplied from the old trees according to the main wind direction (highest wind speed) were obtained from each parts of tree and then were homogeneously mixed. The samples were taken from different locations with different degrees of metal pollution (urban, industrial, highway and control sites). Then, the concentrations of lead, zinc, copper, nickel and chromium were measured using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The result of this study showed that the highest and the lowest metal concentrations were found in the heavy traffic sites and the control site, respectively. However, samples taken from highway sites contained the high concentrations of nickel, copper and lead. Moreover, industrial areas were found to have high contents of zinc and chromium. The variation in heavy metal concentrations between the studied locations is due to changes in traffic density and anthropogenic activities. This research proved significant correlations between the heavy metal concentrations in pine needle samples. Finally, it is concluded that Pinus Eldarica Medw. needles can be applied to monitor polluted sites.

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Evaluation of regional heavy metal deposition by multivariate analysis of element contents in pine tree barks

Cited by 82 publications

References 6 publications

Heavy metals in bark of Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) as an indicator of atmospheric deposition near a smeltery at Qujiang, China

Heavy metals in bark of Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) as an indicator of atmospheric deposition near a smeltery at Qujiang, China

Heavy Metals Content in N. OleanderLeaves As Urban Pollution Assessment

Pine (Pinus Eldarica Medw.) needles as indicator for heavy metals pollution

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