Evaluation of resistance to cassava mosaic disease in selected African cassava cultivars using combined molecular and greenhouse grafting tools

Houngue, Jerome Anani; Zandjanakou-Tachin, Martine; Ngalle, Hermine Bille; Pita, Justin S.; Cacaï, Gilles Habib Todjro; Ngatat, Sergine; Bell, Joseph Martin; Ahanhanzo, Corneille

doi:10.1016/j.pmpp.2018.07.003

Cited by 37 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…PCR-based SSR and SCAR markers as described by Houngue et al (2018) were used to assess the CMD2 conformity of the induced calli. The mother plants growing in the greenhouses did not show any symptoms of CMD and it was used as the control.…”

Section: Assessment Of the Presence Of Cmd2 Gene In Callimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to these constraints, the average crop yield in Benin is low (15.55 tonnes per hectare) compared to the global yield of 90 tonnes (FAOSTAT, 2017). Recent breeding work in Benin has resulted in the release of some local cultivars (Agricrouge, Atinwewe and Agblehoundo) that are resistant to cassava mosaic disease (CMD) (Houngue et al, 2018). The cultivars contain CMD2 gene which is dominant monogenic resistance locus (Fondong, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microsatellite-based marker techniques such as Simple sequence repeat (SSR) and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers have successfully been used in the detection of CMD2 resistant gene in cassava (Okogbenin et al, 2008;Houngue et al, 2018). SSR markers have also been used in detecting genetic differences or similarities in several micropropagated plants, including cotton (Jin et al, 2008) and medicinal plants such as Jatropha curcas (Sun et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Callus induction in three mosaic disease resistant cassava cultivars in Benin and genetic stability of the induced calli using simple sequence repeat (SSR) and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers

Sessou¹,

Kahia²,

Ateka³

et al. 2019

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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The effect of different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ), benzyl amino purine (BAP), kinetin and 2,4dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D) on callus induction in three elite cassava cultivars (agric-rouge, atinwewe and agblehoundo) was evaluated. Leaf explants harvested from greenhouse-grown cassava were sterilised using different concentrations of commercial bleach commonly called Jik (3.85% NaOCl) at different time intervals. The highest number (94%) of clean explants was obtained when 2% (v/v) Jik was used for 15 min. The explants were cultured in half MS media supplemented with different growth regulators TDZ, BAP, kinetin 2, 4-D, 100 mg/l myo inositol, 2% sucrose and gelled with 0.3% phytagel. Callus formation was observed from the cut edges of the leaves in all cultivars after 10 days in medium supplemented with TDZ, 12 days in BAP medium, and 15 days in kinetin medium. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences in callus formation among all cytokinins types and concentrations. However, there were no significant differences in callus formation in different 2,4-D concentrations. All 2,4-D concentrations produced 100% callus in all the cultivars. However, 2,4-D at 2 µM significantly produced the highest (2.48±0.30) callus weight in cultivar atinwewe. Furthermore, simple sequence repeats (SSR) and sequence-characterized amplified region of the induced calli on TDZ and 2,4-D media indicated the loss of CMD2 gene among induced calli compared to the mother plants.

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Section: Assessment Of the Presence Of Cmd2 Gene In Callimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Callus induction in three mosaic disease resistant cassava cultivars in Benin and genetic stability of the induced calli using simple sequence repeat (SSR) and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers

Sessou¹,

Kahia²,

Ateka³

et al. 2019

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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“…These diseases have caused the yield to be much lower (15.55 t per hectare per year) than the potential global yield of 90 t per hectare per year [6]. This is attributed to a large extent to the devastating effects of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) causing a heavy yield loss in cassava [7,8]. CMD is caused by cassava mosaic begomoviruses (CMBs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The control measures against CMD include rogueing (removal of infected plants), the use of virus-free planting materials and resistant varieties [10]. Recent research efforts in Benin have led to the identification of CMD2 resistant cultivars (Agric-rouge, Atinwewe, and Agblehoundo) [8]. The availability of these cultivars is a significant contribution towards the management of CMD causal viruses in Benin [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro propagation of three mosaic disease resistant cassava cultivars

et al. 2020

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Background Cassava is a staple food for over 800 million people globally providing a cheap source of carbohydrate. However, the cultivation of cassava in the country is facing to viral diseases, particularly cassava mosaic disease (CMD) which can cause up to 95% yield losses. With aim to supply farmers demand for clean planting materials, there is need to accelerate the production of the elite cultivars by use of tissue culture in order to cope with the demand. Methods Nodal explants harvested from the greenhouse grown plants were sterilised using different concentrations of a commercial bleach JIK (3.85% NaOCl) and varying time intervals. Microshoots induction was evaluated using thidiazuron (TDZ), benzyl amino purine (BAP), and kinetin. Rooting was evaluated using different auxins (Naphthalene acetic acid NAA and Indole-3-butyricacid IBA). PCR-based SSR and SCAR markers were used to verify the presence of CMD2 gene in the regenerated plantlets. Results The highest level of sterility in explants (90%) was obtained when 20% Jik was used for 15 min. The best cytokinin for microshoots regeneration was found to be kinetin with optimum concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 μM for Agric-rouge, Atinwewe, and Agblehoundo respectively. Medium without growth regulators was the best for rooting the three cultivars. A survival rate of 100, 98, and 98% was recorded in the greenhouse for Agric-rouge, Atinwewe, and Agblehoundo respectively and the plantlets appeared to be morphologically normal. The SSR and SCAR analysis of micropropagated plants showed a profile similar to that of the mother plants indicating that the regenerated plantlets retained the CMD2 gene after passing through in vitro culture, as expected with micropropagation. Conclusion The nodal explants was established to be 20% of Jik (3.85% NaOCl) with an exposure time of 15 min. Kinetin was proved to be the best cytokinins for microshoot formation with the optimum concentration of 5, 10 and 20 μM for Agric-rouge, Atinwewe, and Agblehoundo respectively. The protocol developed during this study will be useful for mass propagation of the elite cassava cultivars.

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Developing dual‐resistant cassava to the two major viral diseases

et al. 2021

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Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) are two important biotic constraints affecting cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) production in sub-Saharan Africa, and the deployment of cassava varieties dually resistant to both diseases is the most effective and realistic way of reducing losses. Crosses were carried out between a Tanzanian local cassava cultivar (Namikonga) and a South American cassava genotype (AR37-80) to develop dual-resistant progenies, and they were evaluated for two seasons at Naliendele in Southern Tanzania, which is a CMD and CBSD hot spot area. The CMD-resistant progenies had low foliar severities (≤1.8), similar to the CMD-resistant parent. The CBSD-resistant progenies had minimal foliar (≤2.0) and root necrosis (≤1.2) severities, similar to the CBSD resistant parent, whereas CBSD-tolerant progenies had severe foliar severities up to 3.3 but minimal root necrosis severities (≤1.2). Traits with minimal environmental influence also had high heritability (≥0.65) and high selection accuracy (≥0.70), and they included CMD foliar symptoms, CBSD foliar symptoms at 6 mo after planting, root necrosis, root necrosis incidence, root weight, root number per plant, and harvest index. Correlation analysis showed that the presence of disease reduces usable roots, root weight, root number per plant, and harvest index. Dual resistance can improve yield as observed in Namar 050 and Namar 371, which had high root weights of 27.5 and 28.2 t ha −1 with high genetic gains of 56.1 and 58.5%, respectively. Dualresistant progenies identified were Namar 050, Namar 100, Namar 130, Namar 200, Namar 334, Namar 371, and Namar 479, as they had minimal CMD and CBSD symptom severities (≤2.0) and could be used for breeding cassava varieties with superior characteristics.

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Evaluation of resistance to cassava mosaic disease in selected African cassava cultivars using combined molecular and greenhouse grafting tools

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

Callus induction in three mosaic disease resistant cassava cultivars in Benin and genetic stability of the induced calli using simple sequence repeat (SSR) and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers

Callus induction in three mosaic disease resistant cassava cultivars in Benin and genetic stability of the induced calli using simple sequence repeat (SSR) and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers

In vitro propagation of three mosaic disease resistant cassava cultivars

Developing dual‐resistant cassava to the two major viral diseases

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