Evaluation of results from the fourth and fifth IAVCEI field workshops on volcanic gases, Vulcano island, Italy and Java, Indonesia

Giggenbach, Werner F.; Tedesco, Dario; Sulistiyo, Y.; Caprai, Antonio; Cioni, Roberto; Favara, Rocco; Fischer, Tobias P.; Hirabayashi, Jun-ichi; Korzhinsky, M.; Martini, M.; Menyailov, I. A.; Shinohara, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/s0377-0273(00)00283-3

Cited by 75 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Although the amount of total sulfur (H S 2 + SO 2 ) did not show significant variation (~6%), it is interesting to note that SO 2 , which was several tens to hundreds of ppm, but was not as low as CO and HCl, also showed large variation over short time periods (up to 40% variation). Such large variations may reflect internal variations in gas samples due to sudden changes in exhalation rates during testing and, also the general difficulty in measuring fumarolic gases (Giggenbach and Matsuo 1991;Giggenbach et al 2001).…”

Section: Variations Over Short Periods and Under Different Weather Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they could only measure the composition of dissolved gases in solution, these are unrepresentative of all the gases in a fumarolic sample. In this study, therefore, we refer to the method developed by Giggenbach (1975), which has been widely adapted by volcano-geochemists worldwide (e.g., Giggenbach and Matsuo 1991;Giggenbach et al 2001). After a series of tests, we established suitable sampling and analytical procedures for fumarolic-gas measurements in the TVG; and have reported the preliminary results here for the purposes of comparison with measurements at other active volcanic sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fumarolic Gas Composition of the Tatun Volcano Group,Northern Taiwan

Lee¹,

Yang²,

Lan³

et al. 2005

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Hsiao-you-keng and Liou-huang-ku were selected as testing sites to discuss factors pertaining to weather and sampling time as these may affect fumarolic gas composition. Test results show that the length of sampling time in this area mainly depends on the saturation of alkali solution. Furthermore, based on continuous data, gas composition of fumaroles seems not to be affected by weather factors. This implies that the de-gassing system in the Tatun volcanic area is quite steady and generated no significant variation in gas composition during the study period. These results indicate that current sampling and analytical procedures are suitable for volcanic gas study and further surveillance in the Tatun volcanic area.

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Section: Variations Over Short Periods and Under Different Weather Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fumarolic Gas Composition of the Tatun Volcano Group,Northern Taiwan

Lee¹,

Yang²,

Lan³

et al. 2005

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…8) are about ten times larger than those obtained in this study, excluding the Ar and CH 4 concentrations in the Satsuma-Iwojima gases and SO 2 concentration of SO 2 -poor Kuju gases. Although the CV values of the Kilauea gases are probably sufficient for a broad classification of volcanic gases, and meaningful thermodynamic interpretation (Giggenbach and Matsuo, 1991;Giggenbach et al, 2001), they may cause a significant problem when different groups work in monitoring chemical compositions of volcanic gases in cooperation. Therefore, further evaluation and improvement of gas sampling techniques should be urged by the CCVG.…”

Section: Precision Of the Gas Sampling And Analytical Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Field workshops on volcanic gases were organized and performed by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior's (IAVCEI) commission on the chemistry of volcanic gases (CCVG) for the purpose of evaluation and improvement of techniques for geochemical monitoring of volcanoes (Giggenbach and Matsuo, 1991;Giggenbach et al, 2001). Geochemists from different laboratories collected volcanic gas samples from the same fumarole and the results of subsequent gas analyses were compared assuming that both chemical and isotopic compositions of the fumarolic gases did not change in the course of the sampling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successive sampling of fumarolic gases at Satsuma-Iwojima and Kuju volcanoes, southwest Japan: Evaluation of short-term variations and precision of the gas sampling and analytical techniques.

2002

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Up to 15 fumarolic gas samples were collected successively within a few hours at Satsuma-Iwojima and Kuju volcanoes, southwest Japan, with the aim to evaluate the naturally occurring short-term variations in the chemical and isotopic compositions. Variations in the concentrations of the major gas components (CO 2 , total S, SO 2 and H 2 S) and in the hydrogen, oxygen (H 2 O) and carbon (CO 2 ) isotopic compositions were relatively small and were within the analytical errors. Precision associated with the gas sampling and analytical techniques used in this study were estimated by making the hypothesis that the chemical and isotopic compositions of the fumarolic gases did not change during the sampling period. The estimated precision was 1-3% for CO 2 , H 2 S and SO 2 , 6-11% for HCl, 1-6% for H 2 , 4-6% for N 2 , 5-9% for Ar, 2% for CH 4 and 7-27% for CO. The precision of the isotopic analyses was estimated to be 0.05-0.2‰ for 13 C/ 12 C ratio of CO 2 . Also the precision was 0.9 and 0.05-0.11‰ for D/H and 18 O/ 16 O ratios of the condensates, respectively. The results in this study suggest that careful sampling and analysis of volcanic gases provide reliable chemical and isotopic compositions that can be used to monitor volcanic activities.

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“…5). In contrast, the Bromo CO 2 /S t gas ratio is intermediate between the compositions of high-temperature gases from Merapi (4.3 to 6.3 at 850-900°C; Allard, 1986;Allard et al, 1995Allard et al, , 2011 and Papandayan (2.9-3.0; Giggenbach et al, 2001), suggesting a magmatic (hightemperature) gas feeding source at Bromo. Thermodynamic computations based on the redox couples H 2 /H 2 O and H 2 S/SO 2 (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

First determination of magma-derived gas emissions from Bromo volcano, eastern Java (Indonesia)

Aiuppa

Bani

Moussallam

et al. 2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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The composition and fluxes of volcanic gases released by persistent open-vent degassing at Bromo Volcano, east Java (Indonesia), were characterised in September 2014 from both in-situ Multi-GAS analysis and remote spectroscopic (dual UV camera) measurements of volcanic plume emissions. Our results demonstrate that Bromo volcanic gas is water-rich (H 2 O/SO 2 ratios of 56-160) and has CO 2 /SO 2 (4.1 ± 0.7) and CO 2 /S tot (3.2 ± 0.7) ratios within the compositional range of other high-temperature magma-derived gases in Indonesia. H 2 /H 2 O and H 2 S/SO 2 ratios constrain a magmatic gas source with minimal temperature of~700°C and oxygen fugacity of 10 , which is ten times higher than reported from few previous studies. Our results indicate that Bromo ranks amongst the strongest sources of quiescent volcanic SO 2 emission measured to date in Indonesia, being comparable to Merapi volcano in central Java. By combining our results for the gas composition with the SO 2 plume flux, we assess for the first time the fluxes of H 2 O (4725 ± 2292 t d ) and H 2 (1.1 ± 0.8) from Bromo. Our study thus contributes a new piece of information to the still limited data base for volcanic gas emissions in Indonesia, and confirms that much remain to be done to fully assess the contribution of this very active arc region to global volcanic gas fluxes.

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Evaluation of results from the fourth and fifth IAVCEI field workshops on volcanic gases, Vulcano island, Italy and Java, Indonesia

Cited by 75 publications

References 10 publications

Fumarolic Gas Composition of the Tatun Volcano Group,Northern Taiwan

Fumarolic Gas Composition of the Tatun Volcano Group,Northern Taiwan

Successive sampling of fumarolic gases at Satsuma-Iwojima and Kuju volcanoes, southwest Japan: Evaluation of short-term variations and precision of the gas sampling and analytical techniques.

First determination of magma-derived gas emissions from Bromo volcano, eastern Java (Indonesia)

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