Evaluation of safety parameters of light alkenes by means of detailed kinetic models

The effect of ultra-low temperature on the flammability limits of a methane/air/diluent mixtures

“…The main parameters and corresponding values used in this work were determined to be: slope equal to 0.07 and curve equal to 0.14 as grid parameters, relative error criteria (RTol) and absolute error criteria (ATol) equal to 1.0•10 -9 and 1.0•10 -14 for the steady-state problem and 1.0•10 -5 and 1.0•10 -14 for time stepping problem, respectively. The FLs were estimated by applying the limiting burning velocity theory [25], since previous studies have indicated this approach suitable for the estimation of the safety parameters of light hydrocarbons at low temperature [26], i.e. the FLs were assumed equal to the fuel mole fraction such that the Su results were equal to a threshold value regarded as the limiting burning velocity (Su,lim).…”

Flammability parameters of liquified natural gas

“…where ρ u and ρ b are the unburned and burned gas density, respectively, g is the gravitational acceleration and α is the effective thermal diffusivity. This procedure is suitable for the estimation of light hydrocarbons safety parameters at low temperature (Pio and Salzano, 2018a). The adopted methodology can be schematized as in the Fig.…”

Implementation of gas-phase kinetic model for the optimization of the ethylene oxide production

“…The subscripts b and u stand for burned and unburned, respectively. This procedure has been validated for the indirect estimation of the effect of dilution and temperature on the lower and upper flammability limits or minimum oxygen concentration, in the presence of methane (Pio and Salzano, 2018b) and alkenes (Pio and Salzano, 2018c) and for several hydrocarbons mixtures (Bertolino et al, 2019). Grid refining parameters and tolerance criteria for steady-state (SS) and time stepping (TS) problems (Table 3) were selected in accordance with the grid sensitivity analysis reported elsewhere (Pio and Salzano, 2019).…”