Evaluation of Salivary and Serum Alpha Amylase Level in Dental Caries of Adolescence

Motamayel, F Ahmadi; Goodarzi, Mohammad Taghi; Jamshidi, Zohreh; Mahdavinezhad, Ali; Rafieian, Nasrin

doi:10.14295/bds.2016.v19i2.1227

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Conversely, some other studies showed that sAA levels were significantly higher in older children and adolescents with active caries when compared to caries-resistant subjects [51][52][53]. In overweight adolescent girls, a positive correlation between sAA levels and dental caries for permanent dentition was observed [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Enzymatic Activity and Carious Experience in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2022

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Salivary biomolecules are considered important modulators of the oral microflora, with a potential subsequent impact on dental health. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between salivary enzymatic activity and carious experience in children. The carious experience of a sample of 22 school children was evaluated by calculating dmf/DMF indices, following WHO recommendations. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected, and salivary alpha-amylase levels, total protease activity, and matrix metalloproteinase levels (MMP-8 and MMP-9) were measured. The data were analyzed using parametric and nonparametric tests. Our findings revealed no significant relationship between the investigated salivary parameters and the carious experience in permanent teeth (DMFT/DMFS scores). Carious indices scores for primary teeth (dmft and dmfs) were positively associated with MMP-8 levels (r = 0.62, p = 0.004 and rs = 0.61, p = 0.006, respectively) and MMP-9 levels (r = 0.45, p = 0.05 and rs = 0.48, p = 0.039, respectively) and negatively associated with alpha-amylase levels (rs = −0.54, p = 0.017 and rs = −0.59, p = 0.006, respectively). Although with a marginal significance, PEK−054 levels positively correlated with dental caries, while for PFU−089, a negative correlation was observed. These results suggest that salivary alpha-amylase and MMP-8 and MMP-9 levels may be considered potential indicators of carious experience in children. Further studies with a prospective design are needed in order to elucidate the role of these biomolecules in caries development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Enzymatic Activity and Carious Experience in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2022

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“…Salivary amylase also plays a role in the etiology of dental caries and as caries activity is high in diabetics,[ 16 17 ] studies considering this triad can be undertaken needed to substantiate the role of salivary amylase in increasing the cariogenic activity in diabetes patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary alpha-amylase–biomarker for monitoring type II diabetes

Manjunatha

Shah

Pareikh³

2021

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology

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Background: Diabetes is one of the most important causes of mortality worldwide. People having diabetes are vulnerable to infectious diseases and have been clinically recognized; which may be because of their deregulated immune system. Hyperglycemia in diabetes is consequence of chronic resistance to insulin and relative insulin deficiency on target cells. Alpha-amylase, a salivary enzyme is shown to increase in diabetic individuals compared to nondiabetics and can be used as a marker for the diagnosis of diabetes. Aim and Objective: The present study was undertaken to investigate the levels of salivary amylase in type II diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 participants in the age range of 30–60 years, were divided into three groups as Group I: Uncontrolled diabetics (30), Group II: Controlled diabetics (30) and Group III: Age- and sex-matched healthy controls (20) were taken for the study. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected for salivary amylase level estimation and blood samples were from the antecubital vein, after 12 h of overnight fasting of each individual for the estimation of blood glucose levels. Results: The mean random blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin A 1c levels were found to be statistically significant among diabetics and healthy individuals. Salivary amylase levels were much higher in uncontrolled and controlled diabetics compared to healthy individuals showing a significant correlation ( P = 0.001) between all groups. However, the salivary amylase levels nonsignificant ( P = 0.060) between the controlled diabetics (Group II) and healthy individuals (Group III). Conclusion: Our study confirms the considerable increase in salivary amylase levels in diabetes patients as compared to healthy individuals. Studies with a larger sample size comprising prediabetics, type I diabetics and type II diabetics in all age groups are required to validate these results. Further, if our results are established, salivary amylase can be used as biomarker for the diagnosis of diabetes and also monitoring it.

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“…Controversies also exist about the concentration of this protein in saliva. Compared with caries-free controls, higher concentrations of sAA were detected not only in children with ECC [19,24,31], but also in caries-susceptible young adults, particularly overweight adolescent girls [10,25,32]. Seemingly, excessive amounts of sAA contribute to hydrolysis of starch and acid release by cariogenic bacteria, and thereby raise the risks of dental caries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Salivary Alpha-amylase Enzyme Activity, Anthropometric Indices, Dietary Habits, and Early Childhood Dental Caries

Parsaie

Rezaie

Azimi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Caries risk assessment is of great importance in young children. Although early childhood dental caries (ECC) have the same general etiology as other types of caries, predisposing factors are not well elucidated. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) activity, body mass index (BMI), dietary habits and oral hygiene on ECC incidence.Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 38 ECC-affected and 41 caries-free children, aged 36 to 72 months. Upon the parents' consent, 3 mL of non-stimulated saliva was collected from the participants to measure the level of sAA activity through spectrophotometry. Additionally, parents/caretakers completed a structured questionnaire about demographic factors, oral hygiene, and consumption of sugar-containing foods. BMI, BMI z-scores and percentile data were calculated by using an on-line calculator. The independent variables were dichotomized and tested through chi-square test, followed by a backward stepwise regression, by using SPSS software (α=0.05).Results: The sAA activity was significantly higher in caries-free children (P≤0.001). However, the mean BMI was not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.49). Brushing and other measured dietary habits were significantly associated with the development of ECC (P≤0.001).Conclusion: Children with inherently lower levels of sAA activity were more susceptible to dental caries. Improper nutritional habits and poor oral health care could exacerbate the risk of ECC.

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Evaluation of Salivary and Serum Alpha Amylase Level in Dental Caries of Adolescence

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Salivary Enzymatic Activity and Carious Experience in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

Salivary Enzymatic Activity and Carious Experience in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

Salivary alpha-amylase–biomarker for monitoring type II diabetes

Relationship Between Salivary Alpha-amylase Enzyme Activity, Anthropometric Indices, Dietary Habits, and Early Childhood Dental Caries

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