Evaluation of sample hemolysis in blood collected by S-MonovetteR using vacuum or aspiration mode

Abstract

Background:In vitro hemolysis can be induced by several biological and technical sources, and may be worsened by forced aspiration of blood in vacuum tubes. This study was aimed to compare the probability of hemolysis by drawing blood with a commercial evacuated blood collection tube, and S-Monovette used either in the “vacuum” or “aspiration” mode.Materials and methods:The study population consisted in 20 healthy volunteers. A sample was drawn into 4.0 mL BD Vacutainer serum tube from a vein of one upper arm. Two other samples were drawn with a second venipuncture from a vein of the opposite arm, into 4.0 mL S-Monovette serum tubes, by both vacuum an aspiration modes. After separation, serum potassium, lactate dehydrogenase (LD) and hemolysis index (HI) were tested on Beckman Coulter DxC.Results:In no case the HI exceed the limit of significant hemolysis. As compared with BD Vacutainer, no significant differences were observed for potassium and LD using S-Monovette with vacuum method. Significant increased values of both parameters were however found in serum collected into BD Vacutainer and S-Monovette by vacuum mode, compared to serum drawn by S-Monovette in aspiration mode. The mean potassium bias was 2.2% versus BD Vacutainer and 2.4% versus S-Monovette in vacuum mode, that of LD was 2.7% versus BD Vacutainer and 2.1% versus S-Monovette in vacuum mode. None of these variations exceeded the allowable total error.Conclusions:Although no significant macro-hemolysis was observed with any collection system, the less chance of producing micro-hemolysis by S-Monovette in aspiration mode suggest that this device may be used when a difficult venipuncture combined with the vacuum may increase the probability of spurious hemolysis.

The Quality of Blood is not Affected by Drone Transport: An Evidential Study of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Conveyance of Transfusion Material in Japan

“…We hypothesized that the LD data were sensitive to damage during transport, and the diagnostics are inexpensive and easy to perform. In addition, LD levels were used as hemolysis indexes when drawing blood [11]. The measurements were performed before the flights, after the flights, and after the blood passed through a transfusion filter which removes fibrin and other components not necessary for transfusions.…”

In-vitro hemolysis and its financial impact using different blood collection systems

“…However, studies comparing vacuum collection systems against aspiration systems on larger scales are rare and conflicting. Lippi et al compared the Becton Dickinson (BD) Vacutainer™ system against the Sarstedt system, in both vacuum and aspiration mode, in 20 healthy volunteers and showed that blood collection by vacuum, regardless of the vendor, increases hemolysis rates [9]. In two subsequent retrospective studies, Lippi et al as well as Goegebuer et al confirmed a reduction in hemolysis rates by the use of an aspiration system compared to a vacuum system [6][7][8].…”

“…One of these variables is the type of blood collection system in use [5][6][7][8]. Vacuum systems are known to increase the rate of hemolytic specimen compared to aspiration systems due to higher shear stress, subsequently leading to damage of red blood cells [7,9]. This might be avoided by the use of low vacuum tubes, although the literature to this topic is conflicting [10][11][12].…”

In Vitro Approach for Identification of the Most Effective Agents for Antimicrobial Lock Therapy in the Treatment of Intravascular Catheter-Related Infections Caused by Staphylococcus aureus

“…Microtiter plate biofilm assays were carried out as described previously (14). Briefly, blood (approximately 40 ml) was drawn from a healthy volunteer using the S-Monovette system (Sarstedt) containing heparin or EDTA (15). Blood was transferred into 15-ml tubes and centrifuged at 150 ϫ g for 10 min.…”