Evaluation of Seasonal Groundwater Quality Changes Associated with Groundwater Pumping and Level Fluctuations in an Agricultural Area, Korea

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate seasonal groundwater quality due to groundwater pumping and hydrochemical characteristics with groundwater level fluctuations in an agricultural area in Korea. Groundwater levels were observed for about one year using automatic monitoring sensors, and groundwater uses were estimated based on the monitoring data. Groundwater use in the area is closely related to irrigation for rice farming, and rising groundwater levels occur during the pumping, which may be caused by the irrigation water of rice paddies. Hydrochemical analysis results for two separate times (17 July and 1 October 2019) show that the dissolved components in groundwater decreased overall due to dilution, especially at wells in the alluvial aquifer and shallow depth. More than 50% of the samples were classified as CaHCO3 water type, and changes in water type occurred depending on the well location. Water quality changes were small at most wells, but changes at some wells were evident. In addition, the groundwater quality was confirmed to have the effect of saltwater supplied during the 2018 drought by comparison with seawater. According to principal component analysis (PCA), the water quality from July to October was confirmed to have changed due to dilution, and the effect was strong at shallow wells. In the study areas where rice paddy farming is active in summer, irrigation water may be one of the important factors changing the groundwater quality. These results provide a qualitative and quantitative basis for groundwater quality change in agricultural areas, particularly rice paddies areas, along with groundwater level and usage.

Analisis Potensi Pencemaran Air Tanah Bebas di Lereng Kaki Koluvial dan Dataran Aluvial Daerah Aliran Sungai Pesing Menggunakan Integrasi Metode GOD dan SIG Berbasis Web

“…Kedalaman air tanah merupakan variabel yang bersifat dinamis jika dibandingkan dengan dua variabel lainnya, yaitu jenis akuifer dan litologi akuifer. Salah satu penyebab dinamika air tanah adalah peralihan musim (Sejati, 2021;Asdak, 2014;Akhter & Hossain, 2017;Ha et al, 2021;Li et al, 2020). Kedalaman air tanah pada musim hujan pada umumnya lebih dangkal dibandingkan musim kemarau.…”

Evaluation of Well Improvement and Water Quality Change before and after Air Surging in Bedrock Aquifers

“…As a typical rural village in Korea, paddy farming and upland farming are carried out in flat areas surrounded by mountains. Sesame, red pepper, and sorghum are the main upland crops, and the types of the crops have diversified in recent years [13,14]. The geology of the study area is composed of the Paleozoic Devonian Taean Formation, Mesozoic Triassic granite and syenite, Late Triassic to Early Jurassic Metamorphic rocks, Jurassic two-mica granite, Jurassic volcanic tuff, and Quaternary alluvium that cover the strata with unconformities.…”

Assessment of Groundwater Quality and Pollution in the Songnen Plain of Jilin Province, Northeast China

“…The TDS and TH measurements of groundwater in this area exceeded the standards, primarily due to the geological environmental conditions in this area and the unreasonable development and utilization of groundwater. As a result, the groundwater level continues to decline, and the interaction between water and rock leads to an increase in TDS and TH [49]. At the same time, the possibility of pollution cannot be excluded.…”