Evaluation of selected extractants for boron in some Queensland soils

Abstract

Glasshouse and laboratory studies were undertaken to evaluate a range of extractants for determining the boron status of a suite of predominantly acidic soils. In addition to hot water (commonly used as an extractant for soil boron), hot 0.01 M CaCl,, 0.05 M mannitol/O.Ol M CaCI,, 0.05 M mannitol (buffered at pH 7 . 9 , 1 M NH,OAc, 5% ( v h ) glycerol and 0.01 M tartaric acid were assessed as extractants since these reagents can complex boron.Sunflower (Helianthus annuus cv. Hysun 31) was grown with three levels of applied boron (0, 0.5 and 1.0 kg B ha-') in each of 20 soils. Relative dry matter yield, tissue boron concentration, boron uptake and relative boron uptake of control plants (0 kg B hal) were determined. Both hot water and hot 0.01 M CaClz extractable boron were related to each of these plant parameters, whereas boron extracted by the other procedures was not.Levels of boron extracted with mannitol and glycerol were very low in comparison to those displaced from the soil by the refluxing procedures. The inability of mannitol to extract boron from these soils is discussed in relation to the chemistry of mannitol-boron complexes, and it is suggested that mannitol would not be an effective extractant for boron in acid soils.Soil solution extracts (obtained after equilibration at 10 kPa matric suction) had concentrations < 0.1 ~g B mll . Because of the low concentrations and narrow range across the 20 soils, soil solution boron was not related to plant growth parameters obtained from the glasshouse study.

Soil Fertility Status of Majhwa Block of Mirzapur District of Eastern UP, India

“…Different soil chemical properties determined were: soil organic carbon (OC) content by chromic acid wet oxidation method (Walkley and Black, 1934), available nitrogen (N) by alkaline potassium permanganate method (Subbiah and Asija, 1956), available phosphorus (P) spectrophotometrically (Olsen et al, 1954), available potassium (K) by flame photometrically (Hanway and Heidel, 1952), 0.15% CaCl 2 extractable sulphur (S) by turbiditimetrically (Chesin and Yein, 1951), soil available micronutrients iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) by DTPA-extraction method (Lindsay and Norwell, 1978). Hot water soluble B in soil was extracted using 0.02M CaCl 2 (Aitken et al, 1987). Water soluble ions were determined in 1:2.5 soil to water suspension, whereas, exchangeable ions in neutral normal ammonium acetate extract (Richards, 1954).…”

Boron Deficiency in Soils and Crops: A Review

“…Several extractants used for soil B extraction have been employed over time for example, hot water for plant-available B (Berger & Truog, 1939;Parker & Gardner, 1981;Mahler et al, 1984;Rahmatullah et al, 1999), 0.05 M HCl for plant-available B (Ponnamperuma et al, 1981), 0.018 M CaCl 2 for non-specifically adsorbed/readily soluble B on soil surfaces (Iyenger et al, 1981;Aitken & McCallum, 1988;Spouncer et al, 1992;Hou et al, 1996;Rahmatullah et al, 1999), 1 M NH 4 OAc for multi-element extraction (Gupta & Stewart, 1975;Chaudhary & Shukla, 2004), 0.25 M sorbitol-DTPA for bioavailable B (Goldberg, 1997;Miller et al, 2000;Gloldberg et al,, 2002;Shiffler et al, 2005), 0.05 M mannitol prepared in 0.01 M CaCl 2 for B in soil solution and its nonspecifically adsorbed forms to assess regenerative power of soil for B (Cartwright et al, 1983;Aitken et al, 1987;Jin et al, 1988;Rahmatullah et al, 1999;Vaughan & Howe, 1994), and 0.005 M AB-DTPA for multi-element extraction (Gestring & Soltanpour, 1984Matsi et al, 2000).…”

Mineral nutrient calibration for Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) grown in dry-tropical North-Eastern Queensland, Australia: with a focus on Phosphorus and Boron

“…According to Aitken et al (1987), the CaCl 2 extraction has proven to be a superior indicator of B concentration, especially in acid to neutral soils, as it is able to fully extract B without being affected by colloidal material involvement. Both these extraction methods are highly correlated (r 2 = 0.92) (Simard et al, 1996), but are also highly dependent on soil texture.…”

“…The potassium chloride extraction was not chosen as critical values for cassava was not as established compared to MCP extraction. Boron was determined using a hot 0.01M CalCl 2 extraction method (Aitken et al, 1987). The rest of the micronutrients were determined using diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) extraction method (Haynes and Swift, 1983).…”

“…Such soils are usually found in areas with high precipitation regimes (Aitken et al, 1987). Liming of acid soils may create temporary B deficiency by increasing B adsorption at high pH (Reisenauer et al, 1973).…”