Evaluation of selected trivalent metal oxides as inert markers used to estimate apparent digestibility in salmonids

Austreng, Erland; Storebakken, Trond; Thomassen, M.; Refstie, Ståle; Thomassen, Yngvar

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(00)00336-7

Cited by 160 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The preferential absorption by rainbow trout of PUFA, followed by monoenes and then by the saturated FA has been reported in other studies (6,(11)(12)(13). It was interesting to note that the absorption of total n-3 PUFA was consistently higher than that of total n-6 PUFA irrespective of dietary FA composition, probably indicating the higher importance of preformed n-3 HUFA (highly unsaturated FA) to the nutritional requirements of rainbow trout (18). Despite the lack of extensive data, variations in the digestibility of individual FA in fish have been attributed to the m.p.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Four practical extruded diets (3 mm diameter) were formulated (BioMar Ltd., Grangemouth, United Kingdom) by using the same basal ingredients and varying only their CPO content, added at 0, 5, 10, or 20% (w/w) of the diet, at the expense of marine fish oil (Table 1). Yttrium oxide was added to the experimental diets (0.2 g/kg) as an inert marker for calculations of AD of FA (18). The diets were designed to meet all the known nutritional requirements of salmonid fish including n-3 EFA (19).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactive effects of dietary palm oil concentration and water temperature on lipid digestibility in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Campbell

Dick

et al. 2003

Lipids

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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the interactive effects of dietary crude palm oil (CPO) concentration and water temperature on lipid and FA digestibility in rainbow trout. Four isolipidic diets with 0, 5, 10, or 20% (w/w) CPO, at the expense of fish oil, were formulated and fed to groups of trout maintained at water temperatures of 7, 10, or 15 degrees C. The apparent digestibility (AD) of the FA, measured using yttrium oxide as an inert marker, decreased with increasing chain length and increased with increasing unsaturation within each temperature regimen irrespective of CPO level fed to the fish. PUFA of the n-3 series were preferentially absorbed compared to n-6 PUFA in all diet and temperature treatments. Except for a few minor FA, a significant (P < 0.05) interaction between diet and temperature effects on FA digestibility was found. Increasing dietary levels of CPO lead to significant reductions in the AD of saturates and, to a lesser extent, also of the other FA. Lowering water temperature reduced total saturated FA digestibility in trout regardless of CPO level. Based on the lipid class composition of trout feces, this reduction in AD of saturates was due in part to the increasing resistance of dietary TAG to digestion. Increasing CPO level and decreasing water temperature significantly increased TAG content in trout fecal lipids, with saturates constituting more than 60% of the FA composition. Total monoene and PUFA digestibilities were not significantly affected by water temperature in fish fed up to 10% CPO in their diet. The potential impact of reduced lipid and FA digestibility in cold-water fish fed diets supplemented with high levels of CPO on fish growth performance requires further research.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive effects of dietary palm oil concentration and water temperature on lipid digestibility in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Campbell

Dick

et al. 2003

Lipids

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“…Each diet was also prepared as two types with or without a unique rare earth oxide: Y 2 O 3 , Yb 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 , Sm 2 O 3 , Nd 2 O 3 or Gd 2 O 3 (only ¢rst four rare earth oxides were used in adult diets) for the adaptation experiment (Tables 1 and 2). These oxides have been used as inert markers for digestibility measurement in salmonids (Austreng, Storebakken, Thomassen, Refstie & Thomassen 2000). The diets were made into dry pellets using a pelleting machine (Xi'an Feed Machine, China) and stored at À 12 1C (1.5 mm for juvenile diets and 2.5 mm for adult diets).…”

Section: Experimental Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a feeding stimulant on feeding adaptation of gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch), fed diets with replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal

2004

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The objectives of the study were to investigate the effect of a feeding stimulant on feeding adaptation of gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch) fed diets with replacement of ¢sh meal by meat and bone meal (MBM), and whether or not the juvenile gibel carp could adapt to higher MBM level in the diet. Juvenile and adult gibel carp were tested. Two and one replacement levels were used for juvenile and adult ¢sh respectively. Each group of diets was set as two types with or without a unique rare earth oxide: Y 2 O 3 , Yb 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 , Sm 2 O 3 , Nd 2 O 3 or Gd 2 O 3 (only the ¢rst four rare earth oxides were used in adult diets) for four adaptation periods of 3,7,14 and 28 days respectively. After mixing, an equal mixture of all six diets for juvenile or four diets for adult was o¡ered in excess for 2 days. During the last 2 days of each experiment, no feed was o¡ered and faeces from each tank were collected. Feeding preference was expressed as relative feed intake of each diet, which was estimated based on the relative concentration of each marker in the faeces.Given some adaptation period, such as 3^28 days, the e¡ects of MBM and squid extract inclusion on the preference to each diet were reduced. After 28 days adaptation, the preferences between groups were not signi¢cantly di¡erent.

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“…These oxides have been used as inert markers for digestibility measurement 2 3 Ž . in salmonids Austreng et al, 2000 . The diets were made into dry pellets using a pelleting machine.…”

Section: Experimental Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of several feeding stimulants on diet preference by juvenile gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio), fed diets with or without partial replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal

2001

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Evaluation of selected trivalent metal oxides as inert markers used to estimate apparent digestibility in salmonids

Cited by 160 publications

References 40 publications

Interactive effects of dietary palm oil concentration and water temperature on lipid digestibility in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Interactive effects of dietary palm oil concentration and water temperature on lipid digestibility in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Effect of a feeding stimulant on feeding adaptation of gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch), fed diets with replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal

Effect of several feeding stimulants on diet preference by juvenile gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio), fed diets with or without partial replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal

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