Evaluation of serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D, C‐reactive protein, and haptoglobin as biomarkers in dogs newly diagnosed with histoplasmosis

Abstract

Background Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin (OH)D, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and haptoglobin are useful biomarkers in various infectious diseases and inflammatory disorders in dogs, but their utility in histoplasmosis is unknown. Objective Determine if serum 25(OH)D, CRP, and haptoglobin concentrations are different in dogs with histoplasmosis compared to healthy controls and whether serum globulin, albumin, CRP, or haptoglobin are associated with 25(OH)D concentration. Animals Twenty‐two client‐owned dogs (histoplasmosis, n = 12; controls, n = 10). Methods Prospective case‐control study. Dogs with histoplasmosis were categorized as pulmonary, disseminated, or gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Serum 25(OH)D was measured using modified high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Serum CRP and haptoglobin were measured with ELISA assays. Results Dogs with histoplasmosis were grouped as disseminated (n = 8) and GI tract (n = 4). No dogs had pulmonary tract involvement alone. Dogs with histoplasmosis (median, interquartile range [IQR]; 11.6 ng/mL, 16.8) had lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations than controls (35.7 ng/mL, 17.6; P < .001). Serum CRP and haptoglobin concentrations were higher in dogs with histoplasmosis (CRP: median, IQR; 63.5 mg/L, 37.1 and haptoglobin: 459.7 mg/dL, 419.6) than controls (CRP: 1.9 mg/L, 2; P < .001 and haptoglobin: 85.5 mg/dL, 106.7; P = .003). Serum 25(OH)D concentration was positively associated with fold change in serum albumin concentration ( ρ = 0.77; P < .001), and negatively associated with fold change in serum globulin ( ρ = −0.61; P = .003) and CRP concentrations ( ρ = −0.56; P = .01). Conclusion and Clinical Importance Assay of serum 25(OH)D, CRP, and haptoglobin could have clinical value in dogs with histoplasmosis.

Identification of trans-genus biomarkers for early diagnosis of intestinal schistosomiasis and progression of gut pathology in a mouse model using metabolomics

“…In contrast, lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D had a significant association with higher levels of inflammation markers, C-reactive protein [ 57 ]. Regarding infectious diseases, 25-hydroxyvitamin D was proposed as a marker for detection of histoplasmosis and neonatal sepsis [ 58 – 59 ]. Surprisingly, Noha, et al .…”

Serum vitamin D metabolite and acute-phase protein concentrations are frequently abnormal in a cohort of hospitalized dogs and cats

“…Concentrations of 25(OH)D were measured by a commercial direct competitive chemiluminescence 25(OH)D immunoassay (LIAISON; DiaSorin Inc) as previously described by Veterinary Diagnostics Institute (VDI) Laboratory. 20,21 The assay's dynamic range is 4.0 to 150 ng/mL. Reference ranges for 25(OH)D in dogs were established from a prior study 21 conducted by the same laboratory, VDI, which analyzed data from 282 healthy dogs.…”

“…Serum CRP and HPT concentrations were measured by VDI Laboratory as previously described. 20,22,23 Briefly, CRP was measured with a canine-specific ELISA (TECO Canine cCRP assay; TECOmedical AG) and HPT by canine/feline-specific ELISA (TECO Canine/Feline HPT assay; TECOmedical AG). The VDI reference intervals for the CRP assay in dogs are as follows: normal (≤ 3.9 mg/L), mildly increased (4 to 9.9 mg/L), moderately increased (10 to 39.9 mg/L), and markedly increased (≥ 40 mg/L).…”

“…The VDI reference intervals for the CRP assay in dogs are as follows: normal (≤ 3.9 mg/L), mildly increased (4 to 9.9 mg/L), moderately increased (10 to 39.9 mg/L), and markedly increased (≥ 40 mg/L). 20,24 The assay has intra-and interassay precision of 4.3% and 6.0%, respectively. 21 The normal reference interval for the HPT assay in dogs is 30 to 250 mg/ dL 20,24 and 34 to 112 mg/dL in cats on the basis of previously reported data.…”

“…20,24 The assay has intra-and interassay precision of 4.3% and 6.0%, respectively. 21 The normal reference interval for the HPT assay in dogs is 30 to 250 mg/ dL 20,24 and 34 to 112 mg/dL in cats on the basis of previously reported data. 22 The assay has intra-and interassay precisions of 3.3% and 8.6%, respectively.…”